Volume 14 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

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sustainable methods, standard safety testing

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Abstract Background: Tracheal suctioning is a vital nursing procedure performed to maintain airway patency in patients with respiratory compromise. Improper suctioning techniques may lead to complications such as hypoxia, infection, and mucosal trauma. Continuous education and structured teaching programmes help enhance nurses' knowledge and improve patient safety. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a Structured Teaching Programme (STP) on knowledge regarding tracheal suctioning among staff nurses working in selected hospitals of Bikaner, Rajasthan. Methods: A quantitative pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest research design was adopted. A total of 100 staff nurses were selected using non-probability convenient sampling. Knowledge was assessed using a structured questionnaire before and after implementation of the STP. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Post-test knowledge scores showed significant improvement compared to pre-test scores, indicating the effectiveness of the structured teaching programme. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant difference (p < 0.05) between pre- and post-test knowledge levels. Conclusion: The structured teaching programme was effective in improving knowledge regarding tracheal suctioning among staff nurses. Regular in-service education is recommended to maintain competency and ensure safe nursing practice.

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Keywords: Structured teaching programme, tracheal suctioning, staff nurses, knowledge, nursing education.

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Human consciousness serves as a bridge between the physical and spiritual realms. Mental and spiritual states have a direct impact on the physical world and vice versa. The physical and spiritual realms have a complex relationship and constitute a complete, inseparable connection. Anything that we pass from one generation to next impact on our spiritual world. Clean and greener environment, that is free from deadly and dangerous microorganisms is our prime concern and responsibility. It's our moral duty to pass our natural heritage to our next generation in that way our previous generation hand-over to us. All of us want only to go ahead in life in any extent without thinking about our environment. Urbanization, modernization, deforestation, betterment in health facilities, settlement of life, experimentation upon flora and fauna, unnecessary habitat disturbance, nuclear weapons formation, greediness toward obtaining more and more from nature all these activities disbalance our ecosystem and push our environment in danger zone. As development proceed, all of us want better and better health care facilities, but at the same time during healthcare activities a massive amount of Biomedical waste (BMW) generated, which is one of the major cause of natural disturbance in present time all over the world. Bio-Medical wastes are the things used in hospitals like sharp needles, fluid blood, glass, plastic bottles, solid plastics, and anatomical waste, human body parts, bandages, and cotton, I.V Tubing, biotechnology and microbiology wastes, unborn fetus, placenta, dead bodies and many others. In our study town Siwan, Bihar there is no proper and scientific biomedical waste management system, which severely affect our environment. Daha River which runs along town side also severely affected by solid as well as liquid biomedical waste, because biomedical waste especially liquid biomedical waste having heavy chemicals, drugs and antibiotics drain in domestic drainage system without any scientific treatment which alter its water quality and affect aquatic life and all other activities which depend upon water like irrigation, local villagers' livelihood, bathing, animals water needs and so on. In this manner heavy chemicals, drugs and antibiotics enters into the food chain and upcoming future is in danger zone. And unfortunately, the rivers the divine source which is also an indication of purity as Hindu mythology get impure day by day due to unscientific and improper release of liquid biomedical waste.

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Keyword: Urbanization, Experimentation, Deforestation, BMW, Anatomical waste

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Abstract Background: Adolescents frequently experience psychological stress due to academic demands, peer relationships, and social pressures. Mindfulness-based relaxation training has emerged as an effective non-pharmacological approach to improve emotional regulation and reduce stress among adolescents. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of mindfulness-based relaxation training on stress levels among adolescents studying in selected senior secondary schools of Jhotwara, Jaipur, Rajasthan. Methods: A quasi-experimental control group pretest-posttest design was used. A total sample of 100 adolescents was selected using stratified random sampling and divided into experimental (n=50) and control (n=50) groups. Stress levels were assessed using a standardized perceived stress scale. The experimental group received mindfulness-based relaxation training for two weeks, while the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and paired t-test. Results: The experimental group showed a significant reduction in mean stress score after intervention compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Mindfulness-based relaxation training was effective in reducing stress among adolescents and can be integrated into school mental health programmes.

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Keywords: Adolescents, Stress, Mindfulness, Relaxation Training, School Health, Quasi-Experimental Study

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Abstract Background: Adolescence is a sensitive developmental stage associated with academic pressure, social adjustment, and emotional instability, which may lead to anxiety. Educational interventions such as structured teaching programmes can help adolescents understand anxiety and develop coping strategies. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of a structured teaching programme on reducing the level of anxiety among adolescents studying in selected senior secondary schools of Jhotwara, Jaipur, Rajasthan. Methods: A quantitative pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design was adopted. A total of 60 adolescents were selected using purposive sampling. Anxiety levels were assessed using a standardized anxiety scale before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean anxiety score significantly reduced after the structured teaching programme. The calculated paired t value showed a statistically significant difference between pretest and posttest anxiety scores. Conclusion: The structured teaching programme was effective in reducing anxiety among adolescents. Such educational interventions can be integrated into school health programmes.

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Keywords: Adolescents, Anxiety, Structured Teaching Programme, Intervention, School Health

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The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has enabled the creation of highly realistic synthetic media, including images, videos, and audio, bringing innovation across sectors like entertainment, education, and healthcare while also introducing serious risks such as misinformation, impersonation, and cyber fraud. Traditional centralized verification systems are vulnerable to tampering, lack transparency, and suffer from single-point failures. To overcome these limitations, this work proposes a Blockchain-Based AI Framework for verifying real and AI-generated media by combining AI-driven forensic analysis with decentralized ledger technology. The system analyzes media using multi-modal techniques such as spatial feature extraction, artifact inconsistency detection, and frequency pattern evaluation to classify content as authentic or synthetic, then securely records a cryptographic hash and verification result on the blockchain to ensure immutability, traceability, and transparency. Through a web-based interface, users can upload and verify media without relying on centralized authorities, creating a scalable, secure, and trustworthy solution to combat deepfakes and restore confidence in digital media.

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Artificial Intelligence, Deepfake Detection, Blockchain Technology, Media Forensics, Digital Media Authentication, Cryptographic Hashing, Decentralized Verification, Generative Adversarial Networks, Synthetic Media Detection, Trust Management

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Old methods like RFIDs, PIN codes, key security mechanisms are showing their weakness. These Old methods have the danger of manipulation like keys being stolen or copied. These methods can be easily tampered on a keypad PIN as a backup option. Additionally, the system also has a mobile application that allows authorised users to remotely lock or unlock the door with just a tap. By using multiple modes of authentication, the system focuses on convenience and removes single points of failure. In essence, this project can be considered as a step towards a safer and smarter access with security, which aligns with the technology driven world of today.

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Smart Door Lock, IoT, ESP32-CAM, Hybrid Authentication, Face Recognition, Security System, Mobile App Access

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The increasing use of social media among adolescents has prompted growing concern over its potential impact on their mental health during a critical developmental period marked by emotional, social, and cognitive changes. Adolescents aged 10 to 19 are particularly vulnerable due to ongoing brain maturation and heightened sensitivity to social feedback. A qualitative research design was used to investigate the impact of the social media on adolescent mental health. Literature referred includes application of Longitudinal Correlational, Causal, Cross-sectional descriptive, inferential design and GHQ-12 scores. This review study revealed that social media use shaped by the context, content and individual differences impacting the mental health of adolescents negatively. Excessive or unregulated use is closely linked with increased symptoms of depression, anxiety, emotional dysregulation, and social withdrawal.

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Adolescents, Social Media, Mental Health, Depression, Anxiety, Screen Time

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Imagine you're feeling off--feverish, tired, maybe a nagging cough--but it's late, and the clinic's closed. Digital tools have exploded in healthcare, yet folks in rural spots or busy cities still struggle for that first bit of reliable advice. Enter our AI-based virtual nursing assistant: a web app that grabs your symptoms, crunches them with a Naive Bayes model, and spits out likely conditions plus practical tips like "rest up and hydrate." We built the backend in Python/Flask, frontend with HTML/CSS/JS for a smooth feel, and used MultiLabelBinarizer to turn messy symptom lists into clean data. It's all about nursing-level guidance--no doctoring here, just helpful nudges. Tests clocked in at 1-2 seconds per query with solid accuracy on known inputs. Dataset limits hold it back now, but it's primed for deep learning upgrades. Bottom line: lightweight AI like this can spark better health habits, teach nursing students, and bridge care gaps everywhere.

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Background and Motivation,. Problem Statement, Objectives, Literature Review, Industry Players, System Architecture, Methodology (Step-by-Step Build),Implementation Walkthrough, Testing Like Pros, Results in Action, Challenges Overcome, Limitations (Keeping It Real),Ethical Guardrails, Cost & Scalability Breakdown, Real-World Deployments

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Domestic violence remains one of the most pervasive yet misunderstood human rights violations worldwide, deeply shaped by socially constructed gender roles and power dynamics. This article examines the role of gender in domestic violence, challenging traditional stereotypes that portray women solely as victims and men exclusively as perpetrators. While acknowledging that women disproportionately experience severe forms of domestic abuse due to systematic gender inequality and patriarchal norms, the study also explores underreported experiences of male victims and abuse within same sex relationships.

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Stereotypes, perpetrators, disproportionate, portray, embarrassment, resilience.

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