Volume 12 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

In this study, we describe the synthesis and characterization of ZnS and manganese-doped ZnS nanoparticles using a simple and cost-effective chemical method with a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. This approach is particularly well-suited for the industrial-scale production of nanoparticles. The synthesized materials were characterized through various techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) analysis. Notably, the PL spectrum of the ZnS:Mn nanoparticles revealed a peak at 603 nm, which is attributed to the 4T1-6A1 transition of the manganese dopant.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nanoparticles, photoluminescence analysis, X-ray diffraction, ZnS

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

India, the world's largest democracy, faces critical challenges in its electoral system, including voter fraud, accessibility issues, transparency concerns, and logistical inefficiencies. Blockchain technology, known for its immutability, transparency, and security, offers a transformative solution. This paper explores how blockchain can enhance the Indian voting system, presenting a detailed architecture, its potential benefits, and the challenges of implementation. The study also analyzes global case studies and proposes a phased approach to adoption in India, ensuring scalability, inclusivity, and trust.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Blockchain Technology, Indian Electoral System, Digital Voting, Election Transparency, Voter Security, Decentralized Ledger, Immutable Records, Remote Voting, Electoral Reforms, Smart Contracts

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent, especially among women, and are often recurrent. This review explores the potential role of cranberry juice in UTI prevention, focusing on its primary active compounds--proanthocyanidins (PACs)--and their anti-adhesive properties against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). PACs inhibit bacterial adhesion to the urinary tract line, which may reduce infection rates. While clinical trials have reported mixed results, certain studies suggest a beneficial effect of cranberry products in lowering UTI recurrence in high-risk populations. This review discusses cranberries's active constituents, mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy, as well as limitations in current research, including variability in cranberry product formulations and dosages. Given concerns over antibiotic resistance, cranberries could serve as a non-antibiotic prophylactic option for UTI management.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Proanthocyanidins (PACs), Anti-adhesion, Escherichia coli (E. coli), UTI recurrence prevention, Biofilm inhibition, Natural remedies for UTI, Cranberry PACs mechanism of action, Antibiotic resistance.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The project presents a Heart Disease Prediction System leveraging a Decision Tree Classifier to identify the likelihood of heart disease based on medical parameters. The dataset includes key features such as age, cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and exercise-induced metrics, which are crucial indicators of cardiovascular health. The system is designed to process these inputs, train the model, and deliver predictions with commendable accuracy. By implementing a Flask-based web application, the solution ensures user-friendly and real-time access to the predictive tool, making it ideal for both healthcare professionals and individuals. This platform can facilitate early detection, enabling proactive measures to prevent severe outcomes. It not only aids in clinical decision-making but also empowers individuals to monitor their heart health. The combination of machine learning and web technologies enhances accessibility, paving the way for efficient, data-driven healthcare solutions. With its robust design, the system contributes to better heart disease risk assessment and management.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Heart disease prediction, Decision Tree Classifier, Machine learning, Medical parameters, Cardiovascular health, Risk assessment, Real-time predictions, Flask-based web application, Healthcare professionals, Individual health monitoring, Early detection, Preventive healthcare, Data-driven healthcare solutions, User-friendly interface.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: The fast fashion industry has revolutionized the accessibility of trendy clothing, fostering a culture of rapid consumption and frequent wardrobe renewal. However, this business model, driven by planned obsolescence and cost-cutting measures, has come at a steep environmental, social, and economic cost. This paper delves into the significant challenges posed by fast fashion, including its contributions to environmental degradation, and micro plastic pollution, as well as its exploitation of labour in low-income countries. The analysis also highlights the industry's reliance on unsustainable practices such as synthetic fibre use, hazardous dyeing processes, and a global supply chain that prioritizes efficiency over ethics. Despite growing consumer awareness and claims of sustainability, the industry remains plagued by opaque practices and a lack of regulatory oversight. By examining the interplay between consumer behaviour, industry practices, and regulatory frameworks, this paper seeks to uncover pathways for a more sustainable future. It emphasizes the urgent need for systemic change, integrating responsible production, ethical labour standards, and informed consumer choices to mitigate the environmental and social impacts of fast fashion while fostering a more equitable global economy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key words: Fast Fashion, Environmental Degradation, Exploitation of Labour, Sustainability Consumer Behaviour

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM), a versatile tunneling approach, has become a preferred method in complex geological conditions. The Himalaya, due to its unique characteristics present major challenges for tunneling during design and construction phases as it represents an extensive zone of crustal deformation with highly deformed rock masses, unstable slopes and is one of the most seismically active region. In this paper we provide a comprehensive review of the application of NATM in Himalayan geology, and how it has helped to overcome major challenges faced during tunneling. Our findings highlight the flexibility of NATM in handling the dynamic geological conditions of the Himalaya which emphasize the need for continuous monitoring, flexible support systems, and technological advancements to enhance tunnel stability and safety.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

NATM, Himalayan Geology, Tunnel Construction, Geotechnical Challenges, Seismic Activity, Squeezing Ground, Rock Burst, Shear Zones, Fault zones, Shotcrete, Rock Bolts, Stress Monitoring, Hydrological conditions, Adaptive Support Systems

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper provides an in-depth review of career guidance systems, emphasizing their evolution through the integration of machine learning techniques, particularly the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm. It examines the development of intelligent career recommendation systems that utilize personality traits, aptitude scores, and educational backgrounds to deliver tailored career advice. Synthesizing insights from various studies, the paper highlights the effectiveness of KNN in applications such as collaborative filtering, resume classification, and precise career recommendations. A novel hybrid framework is proposed, combining KNN with complementary machine learning algorithms and incorporating a matching formula for improved career predictions. Additionally, the paper addresses challenges like data imbalance and overfitting, offering practical solutions to enhance system performance and reliability.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Career recommendation, Assessment, Ocean model, KNN .

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Bael, also called Aegle marmelos (Linn) Correa, is a member of the Rutaceae family, is commonly available in moderately sized, slender, aromatic tree with well-known medicinal uses in India and Additionally in Bangladesh, Pakistan, sri lanka and Burma are its native habitat. This plant is dedicated to lord Shiva. In addition, the plant is thought to have significant medicinal value. Whose medicinal description is also depicted in the Ajanta cave and is mentioned in ancient texts such as the Veda, Puranas, Charakha Samhita and Brihat Samhita. The plant is used in Panchang form in Ayurveda to treat Ulcer, dysentery and diarrhea. According to folklore, plant part can be use to treat high blood pressure, malaria, ulcers, stomachaches, diabetes, skin condition, typhoid, cancer and other diseases. The plant fruit is edible and has significant therapeutic value due to the presence of vitamins, minerals, and other antioxidants. Phytochemicals screening of Aegle marmelos leaves extract confirmed the presence of Alkaloid, saponin, flavonoids, phytosterol, tannins, terpenoids, amino acid, coumarins, phenol, fatty acid and phenolic compound. The plant is associated with medicinal uses and also holds various pharmacological and therapeutic properties including ,anti-microbial activity, anti-cancer, cardioprotective effect, anti-hyperlipedemic activity, anti-ulcer activity, anti-pyretic or anti-inflammatory activity, hepatoprotective activity, radioprotective activity, anti-spermatogenic activity, wound-healing activity, anti-convulsant activity, immunomodulator effect, anti-depressant, anti-proliferative effect, anti-malarial activity, anti-histiminic activity, anti-arthritis, anti- oxidant, anti- fungal activity, analgesic and toxicological studies. In this review article, an effort has been made to summarize the pharmacological, phytochemical, and medicinal aspects of the Bael plant.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bael plant,Rutaceae,Anti cancer,Aegle marmelos.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Bringing up a transgender kid is not simply parenting-- it's an excursion of adoration, learning and advancement. The parenting style adopted by parents has a profound resonance on child's life and such impact is fundamental for those children who identify themselves as transgenders at the very early stage of their lives. This paper investigates the encounters of parents exploring their child's personality, underlining the significance of giving a strong and confirming position to transgenders in the society. It investigates the crucial topic of gender identity disorder and confronts the conventional norms, encouraging acceptance of such people through Laurie Frankel's semi-autobiographical novel This Is How It Always Is. It also examines the strong intersections between identity, family and society, stressing the significance of making a more comprehensive and tolerating environment for transgender youngsters. It highlights the primary role of parental acknowledgment in advancing the prosperity and emotional well-being of transsexual kids, showing the valuable insights and advice on how to parent a transgender child.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Parenting, transgender child, gender identity disorder, binary gender system, societal norms.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Safe drinking water is vital to health. Although most people in the world have access to safe drinking water, as many as 663 million people still drink from untreated springs and groundwater sources, most living in remote rural areas. The scarcity of safe drinking water remains a serious problem in rural areas. In particular, groundwater pollution is caused by heavy metals, which are extremely harmful to human health due to their persistent, bio-accumulative, and hazardous nature. The scarcity of clean drinking water is a critical issue, driving the need for innovative, cost-effective, and efficient water purification solutions. This research focuses on developing an affordable, multi-functional clay-based ceramic filter matrix to treat drinking water. The proposed filter leverages the natural properties of clay, combined with other locally available materials, to create a porous matrix capable of removing pathogens, turbidity, and chemical contaminants. The fabrication process involves carefully selecting and preparing clay, mixing it with granulated carbon, molding it into desired shapes, and firing at controlled temperatures to achieve optimal porosity and structural integrity. The addition of granulated carbon is intended to improve the removal of contaminants such as organic compounds, chlorine, and heavy metals, thereby addressing microbial and chemical impurities. The resulting ceramic matrix provides physical filtration and incorporates antimicrobial and adsorptive functionalities, making it a versatile solution for various water quality challenges. Laboratory tests demonstrate that the clay-based ceramic filter can significantly reduce microbial contamination, remove suspended particles, and adsorb harmful chemicals, ensuring safe drinking water. Additionally, the low cost of production and the use of readily available materials make this technology accessible to low-income communities, particularly in rural areas. This study underscores the potential of clay-based ceramic filters as a sustainable and scalable solution for improving water quality, contributing to public health, and supporting the global effort to provide safe drinking water for all.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

drinking water, critical issue, ceramic filter, eco-friendly, economical

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition