Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Charmakeel (warts) are common benign skin lesions caused principally by the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Conventional dermatologic management includes cryosurgery (cryotherapy), excision, and topical therapies. Ayurveda offers Para surgical techniques such as Agnikarma thermal cauterization described for Kshudra Rogas including Charmakeel. This review compares cryosurgery with Agnikarma for wart management, emphasizing mechanisms, clinical effectiveness, advantages, limitations, and recurrence patterns to guide integrative approaches.

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 Keywords

Charmakeela, Warts, Cryosurgery, Cryotherapy, Agnikarma, Ayurveda, Para surgical Technique, HPV.

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Thin layer chromatography (TLC) represents a fundamental analytical technique in herbal drug standardization and phytochemical analysis. This review comprehensively examines TLC principles, methodologies, applications, regulatory frameworks, and recent advancements in herbal extract analysis. The escalating global demand for botanical products necessitates stringent analytical standards ensuring phytochemical consistency and therapeutic efficacy. TLC provides cost-effective, rapid separation and identification of herbal constituents through differential adsorption and partition mechanisms. This review systematically explores chromatographic fundamentals including stationary and mobile phase selection, Rf value determination, and detection strategies. Representative medicinal plants including Withania somnifera, Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale, Ocimum sanctum, and Azadirachta indica are examined demonstrating practical TLC applications. Advanced methodologies including high-performance TLC (HPTLC), two-dimensional chromatography, and coupled mass spectrometry enhance analytical precision and phytochemical profiling. Current pharmacopeial standards from Indian Pharmacopoeia, USP, and European Pharmacopoeia establish official TLC protocols for herbal authentication. Challenges encompassing solvent optimization, standardization variability, and compound identification are critically analyzed. Future perspectives emphasize artificial intelligence integration, automated spot recognition, and comprehensive fingerprinting databases. This review provides pharmaceutical scientists, quality control professionals, and researchers with consolidated understanding of TLC applications in herbal extract analysis, addressing fundamental principles to contemporary innovations in botanical analytical chemistry.

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 Keywords

Thin Layer Chromatography, Herbal Extracts, Phytochemical Analysis, Quality Control, Fingerprinting, Standardization, HPTLC, Botanical Authentication

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With the increasing dominance of social media in brand communication, visual representation has become a critical factor in shaping the consumer perceptions, particularly among Generation Z (Gen Z). This research examines the responses of Gen Z to the brand advertisements, which showcase real people versus professional models, focusing on aspects such as trust, relatability, emotional response, and purchase intention. An exploratory research design was used to gather primary data through a structured online questionnaire administered to 61 Gen Z respondents from Indian and international backgrounds. Descriptive statistical analysis was done with percentages and visual representations to unveil the key patterns in consumer responses. The results show that ads with real people are usually perceived as more reliable, relatable, and authentic than those with models. These perceptions were found to have a positive impact on brand consideration and purchase intention. On the other hand, ads with professional models were more strongly linked with aspirational appeal but were less effective in establishing credibility and thus, driving purchase-related behavior. Moreover, the study reveals that factors like brand trust and positive past experiences have a more significant impact on purchase decisions than advertising alone. As an exploratory research with a limited sample size, the findings are only indicative. However, the study helps to understand the rising importance of authenticity-led representation as a means of engaging the Gen Z consumers and provides practical implications for brands aiming at gaining trust and creating meaningful connections in digital environments.

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 Keywords

Generation Z (Gen Z), Authenticity in Advertising, Real People vs Professional Models, Brand Trust, Relatability, Emotional Response, Purchase Intention, Digital Brand Communication

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ABSTRACT: The imposition of steep U.S. tariffs--raised to 50% in August 2025--has generated notable volatility in India's capital and export markets, particularly affecting sectors heavily dependent on American demand. India's benchmark indices, Sensex and Nifty, witnessed an immediate correction following the tariff announcement, accompanied by foreign investment outflows and a record depreciation of the rupee to INR88.78 per U.S. dollar. Export-oriented industries such as textiles, leather, gems and jewellery, and automobiles reported significant declines in turnover, severely impacting MSMEs. In contrast, tariff-exempt sectors like pharmaceuticals, IT services, FMCG, electronics, and semiconductors showed resilience, reflecting India's relatively low dependence on U.S. exports, which account for only about 2-2.5% of GDP. Despite external shocks, strong domestic consumption, supportive government policies, and a stable base of domestic investors have cushioned market volatility. India's efforts to safeguard its trade "red lines," as emphasized by the External Affairs Minister, underline the need for balanced and mutually respectful negotiations with the U.S. Amid these challenges, proactive state-level initiatives--particularly in Uttar Pradesh--demonstrate India's strategic shift toward market diversification and self-reliance. The new Export Promotion Policy 2025-30, ODOP initiatives, logistics support, financial incentives, and infrastructure expansion aim to strengthen local industries, empower artisans, and build a resilient export ecosystem. These domestic-focused, self-sustaining measures reflect the emergence of a Swadeshi Market capable of withstanding tariff pressures while advancing India's broader economic ambitions, including the vision of a $1-trillion state economy. .

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Key Words: 1. Swadeshi Market 2. Trade Tariff's 3. Technological Gaps 4. Multilateral Trade

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While art-integrated learning has gained traction within formal school structures, its success in marginalized regions depends heavily on the support systems at home. This study examines a decade-long initiative (2015-2025) focused on conducting art-integrated workshops for parents in the Sundarbans Delta, West Bengal. Situated in a landscape of ecological fragility and socio-economic hardship, these workshops aimed to bridge the gap between traditional parenting and the creative pedagogy envisioned by NEP 2020. Using a reflective qualitative approach based on ten years of field experience, the research analyzes how engaging parents in drawing, storytelling, and local craft-making alters their perception of formal education. The findings indicate that parental participation in art workshops significantly reduces student dropout rates, enhances the home learning environment, and fosters a sense of communal resilience. The study highlights that when parents transition from passive observers to creative partners, art becomes a "social equalizer" that overcomes barriers of illiteracy and poverty. The paper concludes with recommendations for integrating parental creative workshops into the rural educational framework of India.

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Keywords: Parental Engagement, Sundarbans Delta, Art-Integrated Learning, Workshop Pedagogy, NEP 2020, Community Resilience, Rural Education.

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Employee engagement is a crucial factor influencing organizational success, especially in professional service firms where employee performance directly affects service quality. This study examines the impact of employee engagement on employee performance at Deloitte. A descriptive research design was adopted using both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected from 200 Deloitte employees through a structured questionnaire, while secondary data were sourced from journals and company reports. Key engagement dimensions such as job satisfaction, leadership support, communication, recognition, and work-life balance were analysed using statistical tools. The findings reveal a significant positive relationship (r = 0.67) between employee engagement and performance, highlighting the importance of effective engagement practices.

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Employee Engagement, Employee Performance, Organizational Commitment, Deloitte, Job Satisfaction

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Government Nizamia Tibbiya College, Hyderabad, stands as an architectural landmark adjacent to the iconic Charminar, symbolizing the city's rich medical and cultural heritage. The institution offers undergraduate programs such as the Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery (BUMS) and postgraduate programs including the Doctor of Medicine (Unani). It is the only government institution in the state of Telangana dedicated exclusively to Unani medical education. Established over a century ago by the Seventh Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan, the college has produced generations of distinguished physicians and scholars who have made significant contributions to the field of Unani medicine. This article presents a brief account of the college's foundation, pays tribute to its visionary founder, and highlights its enduring academic and historical significance.

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Index Terms-- Tibbiya College. Unani Medicine, Nizam, Unani Physicians

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Traditional Medicines derived from medicinal plants are used by about 60% of the world's population. This review focuses on Indian Herbal drugs and plants used in the treatment of diabetes, especially in India. Diabetes is an important human ailment afflicting many from various walks of life in different countries. In India it is proving to be a major health problem, especially in the urban areas. Though there are various approaches to reduce the ill effects of diabetes and its secondary complications, herbal formulations are preferred due to lesser side effects and low cost. A list of medicinal plants with proven antidiabetic a related beneficial effect and of herbal drugs used in treatment of diabetes is compiled. Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder, affecting 16 million individuals in the United States and 200 million worldwide. Despite the use of advanced synthetic drugs forthe treatment, use of herbal remedies is gaining higher importance because of synthetic drugshave drawbacks. Thus, this review article undertakes the attempt for providing updated information on the type of diabetes and herbal formulations which will enhance the existing knowledge of the researche.

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Herbal medications, plants, diabetes mellitus

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Accessing safe and clean drinking water, is one of the major global challenges across the planet. In this study, we propose a low-cost and real-time water quality monitoring system based on Internet of Things (IoT), using sensor networks and machine learning algorithms. The study used sensors to continuously monitor specific parameters, including pH, turbid, temperature, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), sweetness full, and minerals. A microcontroller ESP32 received data from the sensors and loaded the data to a cloud platform for visualization and anomaly detection using the trained models. The smart water quality monitoring system can generate alerts, promote public health, and proactively protect water resources management in disadvantaged communities.

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IoT, Water Quality Monitoring, Real-Time, Machine Learning, TDS, Turbidity, pH, ESP32, Nutritional Detection

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Brain tumors epidemiology; Adolescents and young adults; Risk factors; Central nervous system malignancies; Environmental exposures; Genetic predisposition; Prevention strategies; Health disparities

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