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Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

Volume 13 | Issue 12 | Month  
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  Paper Title: SDM-VTON: DIFFUSION-BASED VIRTUAL TRY-ON WITH GARMENT-GUIDED CROSS-ATTENTION

  Author Name(s): Dhanush C M, Shruthi G, K Sakshi, Thejas C, Dr. Mamatha M

  Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2512746

  Register Paper ID - 299290

  Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT

  DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2512746 and DOI :

  Author Country : Indian Author, India, 560088 , Bengaluru, 560088 , | Research Area: Science and Technology

Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2512746
Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2512746
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  Your Paper Publication Details:

  Title: SDM-VTON: DIFFUSION-BASED VIRTUAL TRY-ON WITH GARMENT-GUIDED CROSS-ATTENTION

 DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :

 Pubished in Volume: 13  | Issue: 12  | Year: December 2025

 Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882

 Subject Area: Science and Technology

 Author type: Indian Author

 Pubished in Volume: 13

 Issue: 12

 Pages: g654-g663

 Year: December 2025

 Downloads: 51

  E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882

 Abstract

The advancement of diffusion-based generative models has significantly transformed controllable image synthesis, enabling realistic rendering across diverse domains such as editing, and semantic manipulation. Despite these developments, virtual try-on--the task of synthesizing high-fidelity images of a target person wearing a new garment--remains technically challenging due to complex interactions between human pose, garment geometry, occlusions, and appearance fidelity. Existing GAN-based and deformation-based systems often struggle with texture misalignment, identity drift, and loss of garment details in high-resolution scenarios.This paper introduces SDM-VTON, a diffusion-based virtual try-on framework built upon the SDXL latent diffusion model and enhanced with Garment-Guided Cross-Attention (GGCA), a novel conditioning mechanism that integrates spatially aligned garment features into the U-Net denoising process. SDM-VTON includes (1) a multi-scale GarmentNet encoder-decoder that extracts hierarchical clothing features; (2) an image-conditioned adapter that injects CLIP-based semantic embeddings into transformer layers; and (3) a Try-On U-Net augmented to accept pose, segmentation, and mask priors for geometry-aware inpainting. The system is trained end-to-end in latent space, enabling identity preservation, accurate garment transfer, and superior texture reconstruction compared to prior state-of-the-art diffusion models such as LaDI-VTON and FITMI. Extensive experiments on the VITON-HD and Dress-Code datasets demonstrate that IDM-VTON achieves new benchmarks across SSIM, LPIPS, FID, KID, and CLIP Score. This work establishes SDM-VTON as a robust, workspace-native virtual try-on system suitable for next-generation e-commerce, digital dressing rooms, and personalized fashion visualization.


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 Keywords

[Virtual try-on, diffusion models, SDXL, cross-attention, CLIP, humanpose estimation, latent diffusion, semantic alignment]

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  Paper Title: BEYOND THE KERALA MODEL: THE CASE FOR INTEGRATING HAPPINESS IN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

  Author Name(s): Krishnapriya R

  Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2512745

  Register Paper ID - 299281

  Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT

  DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2512745 and DOI :

  Author Country : Indian Author, India, 678632 , Pulappatta , 678632 , | Research Area: Medical Science All

Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2512745
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  Your Paper Publication Details:

  Title: BEYOND THE KERALA MODEL: THE CASE FOR INTEGRATING HAPPINESS IN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

 DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :

 Pubished in Volume: 13  | Issue: 12  | Year: December 2025

 Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882

 Subject Area: Medical Science All

 Author type: Indian Author

 Pubished in Volume: 13

 Issue: 12

 Pages: g646-g653

 Year: December 2025

 Downloads: 49

  E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882

 Abstract

Kerala's acclaimed "Model of Development," characterised by high literacy, robust healthcare, and gender equity, has long been viewed as a benchmark for social progress in India. Yet persistent challenges--rising mental health concerns, lifestyle diseases, unemployment, ecological vulnerability, and declining community vitality--highlight the limitations of conventional metrics like GDP and HDI in capturing true well-being. This paper argues for integrating Bhutan's Gross National Happiness (GNH) framework into Kerala's development planning, given the cultural, social, and environmental parallels between the two regions. GNH's multidimensional approach, encompassing psychological well-being, time use, cultural resilience, and environmental stewardship, offers a more holistic measure of progress. Through a critical review of Kerala's current socio-economic indicators, the study identifies policy gaps and proposes a locally adapted GNH-based framework, embedded in participatory governance and linked to resource allocation. By complementing economic indicators with happiness metrics, Kerala can move towards a development model that ensures not just material prosperity but sustainable, inclusive, and meaningful well-being for all citizens.


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 Keywords

Kerala Model, Gross National Happiness, development planning, well-being indicators, policy integration

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition


  Paper Title: THE ROLE OF THALA IN THE STRUCTURAL AND AESTHETIC DIMENSIONS OF BHARATANATYAM

  Author Name(s): Vijesh V, Dr. R. Chandra

  Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2512744

  Register Paper ID - 299272

  Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT

  DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2512744 and DOI :

  Author Country : Indian Author, India, 605104 , villupuram, 605104 , | Research Area: Arts All

Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2512744
Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2512744
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  Your Paper Publication Details:

  Title: THE ROLE OF THALA IN THE STRUCTURAL AND AESTHETIC DIMENSIONS OF BHARATANATYAM

 DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :

 Pubished in Volume: 13  | Issue: 12  | Year: December 2025

 Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882

 Subject Area: Arts All

 Author type: Indian Author

 Pubished in Volume: 13

 Issue: 12

 Pages: g641-g645

 Year: December 2025

 Downloads: 40

  E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882

 Abstract

Th?la occupies a foundational position in Bharatanatyam, functioning simultaneously as a structural framework and an aesthetic life-force. While rhythm is often understood as a temporal guide that regulates movement, its deeper role lies in shaping bodily discipline, expressive continuity, and aesthetic fulfilment. This paper examines th?la as an embodied rhythmic principle that governs the organisation of movement and facilitates the realisation of bh?va and rasa in Bharatanatyam. Through a critical engagement with classical texts, dance theory, and performance practice, the study argues that th?la is not merely an external metric but an internalised rhythmic consciousness that integrates body, time, and emotion. The paper highlights how rhythmic internalisation transforms technical execution into an aesthetically meaningful experience, thereby establishing th?la as a unifying force between structure and aesthetics in Bharatanatyam.


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 Keywords

Th?la, Bharatanatyam, Rhythm, Structure, Aesthetics, Bh?va, Rasa, Laya, Performance Practice

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition


  Paper Title: A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF TATA CONSULTANCY SERVICES LIMITED USING RATIO ANALYSIS AND TREND ANALYSIS

  Author Name(s): NITHIGHA T G

  Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2512743

  Register Paper ID - 299289

  Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT

  DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2512743 and DOI :

  Author Country : Indian Author, India, 641659 , Coimbatore, 641659 , | Research Area: Commerce and Management, MBA All Branch

Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2512743
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  Your Paper Publication Details:

  Title: A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF TATA CONSULTANCY SERVICES LIMITED USING RATIO ANALYSIS AND TREND ANALYSIS

 DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :

 Pubished in Volume: 13  | Issue: 12  | Year: December 2025

 Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882

 Subject Area: Commerce and Management, MBA All Branch

 Author type: Indian Author

 Pubished in Volume: 13

 Issue: 12

 Pages: g633-g640

 Year: December 2025

 Downloads: 46

  E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882

 Abstract

The Information Technology (IT) sector plays a significant role in the economic growth of India by contributing to employment generation, foreign exchange earnings, and technological advancement. Among the leading IT companies in India, Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCS) has emerged as a dominant player with consistent financial performance, strong profitability, and global presence. The present study aims to analyse the financial performance of Tata Consultancy Services Limited using ratio analysis and trend analysis. The study is based on secondary data collected from the annual reports of TCS for a period of five years from 2019-20 to 2023-24. Key liquidity, profitability, solvency, and efficiency ratios have been applied to assess the company's financial health. The findings reveal that TCS has maintained stable profitability, efficient asset utilization, and a strong capital structure during the study period. The study provides useful insights for investors, academicians, and financial analysts in evaluating the financial soundness of TCS.


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 Keywords

Financial Performance, Ratio Analysis, Trend Analysis, IT Sector, Tata Consultancy Services

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  Paper Title: A Study on Socio-Economic Condition and Challenges Faced by the Haritha Karma Sena Workers in Vatakara Taluk

  Author Name(s): Haris PP

  Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2512742

  Register Paper ID - 299087

  Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT

  DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2512742 and DOI : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i12.299087

  Author Country : Indian Author, India, - , -, - , | Research Area: Science and Technology

Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2512742
Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2512742
Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2512742.pdf

  Your Paper Publication Details:

  Title: A STUDY ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITION AND CHALLENGES FACED BY THE HARITHA KARMA SENA WORKERS IN VATAKARA TALUK

 DOI (Digital Object Identifier) : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i12.299087

 Pubished in Volume: 13  | Issue: 12  | Year: December 2025

 Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882

 Subject Area: Science and Technology

 Author type: Indian Author

 Pubished in Volume: 13

 Issue: 12

 Pages: g624-g632

 Year: December 2025

 Downloads: 76

  E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882

 Abstract

The rapid urbanization and industrial expansion in Kerala have led to a significant increase in waste generation, which has put immense pressure on the current waste management systems. The Government of Kerala has proactively responded to these challenges by introducing innovative, community-focused approaches to waste management that are both efficient and sustainable. The Haritha Karma Sena (HKS), a collaborative initiative, represents a strategic transformation in Kerala's waste management practices, emphasizing a holistic system of waste reduction, segregation, and recycling instead of merely focusing on disposal. Women members receive training in waste collection and segregation, along with education on public waste management, enabling HKS to serve as both a service provider and a catalyst for social change. In this context, the study examines the socio-economic and working conditions related to the challenges encountered by HKS workers. Primary data were gathered from 100 HKS workers in the Vatakara taluk of Kozhikode district, Kerala, utilizing a snowball sampling method with a structured questionnaire. The Haritha Karma Sena workers are predominantly middle-aged, possess moderate educational qualifications and have a relatively stable and moderate monthly income. These workers are vital in promoting environmental sustainability and public health by overseeing waste collection, segregation, and recycling at the community level. The study indicated that the HKS volunteers have demonstrated significant potential in their initiatives related to waste management and environmental preservation.


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 Keywords

Haritha Karma Sena, Waste Management, Segregation, Recycle, Women

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition


  Paper Title: A Study of Academic Burnout of Secondary Students in Relation to Social Media Addiction and Cognitive Load

  Author Name(s): Mrs. Laxmi Halasagi, Dr. Venkoba Narayanappa

  Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2512741

  Register Paper ID - 299152

  Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT

  DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2512741 and DOI :

  Author Country : Indian Author, India, 584101 , Bijapur, 584101 , | Research Area: Arts All

Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2512741
Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2512741
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  Your Paper Publication Details:

  Title: A STUDY OF ACADEMIC BURNOUT OF SECONDARY STUDENTS IN RELATION TO SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION AND COGNITIVE LOAD

 DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :

 Pubished in Volume: 13  | Issue: 12  | Year: December 2025

 Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882

 Subject Area: Arts All

 Author type: Indian Author

 Pubished in Volume: 13

 Issue: 12

 Pages: g619-g623

 Year: December 2025

 Downloads: 48

  E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882

 Abstract

Academic burnout among secondary school students has become an emerging concern due to increasing academic demands and rapid digitalization of learning environments. Adolescents are required to manage intensive curricular expectations while simultaneously engaging with social media platforms that demand constant attention and cognitive effort. This article, prepared for Ph.D. thesis purposes, is based on an extensive review of related literature and examines academic burnout in relation to social media addiction and cognitive load. The reviewed studies indicate that excessive social media use contributes to attentional fragmentation, increased extraneous cognitive load, emotional exhaustion, and reduced academic engagement. Cognitive overload arising from poorly structured learning tasks and digital multitasking further intensifies burnout symptoms. The paper synthesizes theoretical perspectives and empirical findings to present a coherent understanding of how these variables interact and influence students' academic well-being. Educational implications and preventive strategies are discussed with reference to secondary-level teaching-learning contexts.


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 Keywords

Academic Burnout, Social Media Addiction, Cognitive Load, Secondary Students

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  Paper Title: An Analytical Study on the Role of Indian Railways towards Employment Generation and Economic Development

  Author Name(s): RAMA SINGH, AMIT SINGH

  Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2512740

  Register Paper ID - 299154

  Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT

  DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2512740 and DOI : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i12.299154

  Author Country : Indian Author, India, 226301 , Lucknow, 226301 , | Research Area: Commerce All

Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2512740
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  Your Paper Publication Details:

  Title: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY ON THE ROLE OF INDIAN RAILWAYS TOWARDS EMPLOYMENT GENERATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

 DOI (Digital Object Identifier) : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i12.299154

 Pubished in Volume: 13  | Issue: 12  | Year: December 2025

 Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882

 Subject Area: Commerce All

 Author type: Indian Author

 Pubished in Volume: 13

 Issue: 12

 Pages: g609-g618

 Year: December 2025

 Downloads: 58

  E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882

 Abstract

Transport infrastructure plays a critical role in shaping economic growth, employment generation and regional development, particularly in emerging economies. Among the various modes, railways occupy a strategic position owing to their ability to move large volumes of passengers and freight at relatively low unit costs while fostering market integration and industrial linkages. This study examines the role of Indian Railways in generating employment and contributing to regional economic development in India. Using secondary data drawn from the Indian Railways Year Books, Ministry of Railways Annual Reports, Economic Survey of India, NITI Aayog publications, and RBI state-level statistics, this study adopts a mixed quantitative approach. A descriptive analysis is employed to examine employment trends and capital expenditure, while employment multipliers are used to estimate direct, indirect, and induced employment effects. Additionally, a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences (DiD) framework is applied to assess the impact of railway connectivity upgrades on regional economic outcomes. The study findings reveal that Indian Railways remains one of the largest public-sector employers, with renewed recruitment and rising capital investment in the post-pandemic period. Employment multiplier estimates indicate that railway operations and infrastructure investment generate substantial indirect and induced employment across allied sectors such as construction, logistics, manufacturing, MSMEs, and services. Regional analysis shows that districts with improved railway connectivity experience significantly higher industrial investment, employment growth, and wage levels than non-connected regions. Overall, the study concludes that Indian Railways functions not only as a transportation backbone but also as a powerful engine for employment generation and balanced regional development. This study offers policy-relevant insights for leveraging railway investment to promote inclusive growth and long-term economic resilience in India.


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 Keywords

Indian Railways (IR), employment generation, infrastructure investment, regional development, employment multipliers, Difference-in-Differences.

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  Paper Title: A Study on Climate-Resilient Construction in Bangladesh: Building a Safer Future

  Author Name(s): Engr. Md. Ziaul Hoque, P. Eng., Engr. Pankaj Kumar Nath, P. Eng., PhD, Engr. Farukh Hossain, Engr. Khandakar Rafiqul Islam Kallal

  Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2512739

  Register Paper ID - 299267

  Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT

  DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2512739 and DOI :

  Author Country : Foreign Author, Bangladesh, 1214 , Dhaka, 1214 , | Research Area: Science and Technology

Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2512739
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  Your Paper Publication Details:

  Title: A STUDY ON CLIMATE-RESILIENT CONSTRUCTION IN BANGLADESH: BUILDING A SAFER FUTURE

 DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :

 Pubished in Volume: 13  | Issue: 12  | Year: December 2025

 Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882

 Subject Area: Science and Technology

 Author type: Foreign Author

 Pubished in Volume: 13

 Issue: 12

 Pages: g599-g608

 Year: December 2025

 Downloads: 45

  E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882

 Abstract

Bangladesh is one of the most climate-vulnerable countries in the world, frequently exposed to floods, cyclones, storm surges, riverbank erosion, and rising temperatures. These climate-induced hazards pose serious threats to the built environment, particularly to housing and critical infrastructure. This study examines the concept and practice of climate-resilient construction in Bangladesh with the aim of identifying effective strategies for building a safer and more sustainable future. The research analyzes existing construction practices, climate-related risks, and policy frameworks, alongside case studies of resilient housing and infrastructure projects implemented in vulnerable regions. Emphasis is given to the use of locally available materials, innovative design techniques, elevated structures, flood-resistant foundations, wind-resistant roofing systems, and environmentally sustainable construction methods. The study also explores the role of government regulations, community participation, and capacity building in promoting climate resilience. Findings indicate that integrating climate-responsive design, appropriate technology, and strong institutional support can significantly reduce disaster-related losses and enhance long-term sustainability. The study concludes that climate-resilient construction is not only a technical necessity but also a socio-economic imperative for Bangladesh, requiring coordinated efforts among policymakers, engineers, planners, and local communities to ensure safe, affordable, and adaptive infrastructure development.


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 Keywords

Climate-resilient construction, Bangladesh, disaster risk reduction, sustainable infrastructure, resilient housing, cyclone-resistant structures

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  Paper Title: Grievance App For College Students

  Author Name(s): Tharani L, Varunapriya S, Swetha E, Mahesh Kumar R

  Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2512738

  Register Paper ID - 299115

  Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT

  DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2512738 and DOI :

  Author Country : Indian Author, India, 641103 , Coimbatore, 641103 , | Research Area: Science and Technology

Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2512738
Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2512738
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  Title: GRIEVANCE APP FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS

 DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :

 Pubished in Volume: 13  | Issue: 12  | Year: December 2025

 Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882

 Subject Area: Science and Technology

 Author type: Indian Author

 Pubished in Volume: 13

 Issue: 12

 Pages: g592-g598

 Year: December 2025

 Downloads: 45

  E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882

 Abstract

Effective grievance redressal is fundamental to ensuring transparency, accountability, and trust within educational institutions. Despite its importance, many colleges and universities continue to rely on manual or fragmented digital mechanisms for grievance handling, which are often inefficient, non-transparent, and poorly scalable. These limitations result in delayed responses, inadequate follow-up, and reduced student confidence in institutional support systems. The proposed system introduces a mobile-based grievance management application that enables students to securely submit grievances, track complaint status, and receive real-time updates. The application is developed using Flutter with Firebase as the backend to ensure secure authentication, scalable data management, and real-time grievance handling, thereby fostering a student-centric and transparent academic environment.


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 Keywords

Grievance Redressal System, College Students, Flutter, Firebase, Mobile Application, Transparency, Accountability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition


  Paper Title: Macaulay's Clerks and PMKVY's Proxies: English-Centric Soft Skills and Colonial Continuities

  Author Name(s): Hijam Georgie Philemon, Dr. Omila Thounaojam

  Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2512737

  Register Paper ID - 299266

  Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT

  DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2512737 and DOI :

  Author Country : Indian Author, India, 795005 , Imphal East, 795005 , | Research Area: Medical Science All

Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2512737
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  Your Paper Publication Details:

  Title: MACAULAY'S CLERKS AND PMKVY'S PROXIES: ENGLISH-CENTRIC SOFT SKILLS AND COLONIAL CONTINUITIES

 DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :

 Pubished in Volume: 13  | Issue: 12  | Year: December 2025

 Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882

 Subject Area: Medical Science All

 Author type: Indian Author

 Pubished in Volume: 13

 Issue: 12

 Pages: g585-g591

 Year: December 2025

 Downloads: 51

  E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882

 Abstract

This paper investigates the similarities that exist between colonial education systems and current skill development initiatives in India. It particularly focuses on skill-based education programs that focus largely on English, that is training for soft skills, as provided under the Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) and Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) programs. The study used postcolonial theory, and discourse analysis, in addition to empirical evidence gathered from both media investigations and audit reports to demonstrate the continuing relevance of colonial pedagogical principles in today's India. By following a line of thought originating with the 1835 Minute on Indian Education by Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay through its evolution to a modern-day neoliberal model of government, it can be shown that the linguistic economic capital afforded to graduates of these skill-development programs helps facilitate the ongoing control and exclusion of India through a colonial framework. The analysis reveals that skill-development initiatives often transform rural youth into measurable outputs rather than autonomous subjects, thereby sustaining linguistic imperialism and epistemic dependence. The paper ultimately contends that meaningful decolonization requires reimagining education beyond employability-driven, English-dominated frameworks.


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 Keywords

Skill Development, Soft Skills, Postcolonial Theory, Linguistic Imperialism, Decolonization

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