Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Background: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Patients with CAD often experience limitations in physical activity, emotional distress, and reduced quality of life. Adequate knowledge regarding disease management and lifestyle modification plays a crucial role in improving health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Objectives: 1. To assess the level of knowledge regarding coronary artery disease among patients. 2. To assess the health-related quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease. 3. To determine the relationship between knowledge and health-related quality of life. 4. To develop a self-instructional module based on identified knowledge gaps. Methods: A quantitative descriptive research design was adopted. The study was conducted at a selected private hospital in Indore, Madhya Pradesh. A sample of 100 patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease was selected using non-probability purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire and a standardized health-related quality of life scale. Results: The findings revealed that a majority of patients had moderate knowledge regarding CAD and reported average to poor quality of life in physical and emotional domains. A significant relationship was found between knowledge level and health-related quality of life. Conclusion: The study concluded that improved knowledge is associated with better health-related quality of life among patients with CAD. Development and use of a self-instructional module is recommended to enhance patient education and long-term disease management.

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 Keywords

Coronary artery disease, knowledge, health-related quality of life, self-instructional module, patient education

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India's role as a major producer and global supplier of generic medicines makes the assurance of drug quality a central public health and regulatory priority. The Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP), published by the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC), is the official compendium of standards for the identity, strength, purity and performance of drugs and related substances marketed in the country and serves as a legally enforceable benchmark under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act and Rules. Through monographs, general chapters and Indian Pharmacopoeia Reference Substances (IPRS), the IP provides validated analytical methods and acceptance criteria that guide manufacturers, quality control laboratories and regulators in ensuring that medicines are of standard quality and suitable for patient use. Over successive editions, the IP has expanded and modernized to include chemical drugs, traditional medicines, biologicals, vaccines and complex formulations, while aligning with World Health Organization (WHO) good pharmacopoeial practices and participating in international harmonization initiatives such as the Pharmacopoeial Discussion Group. This review outlines the historical evolution, legal status, scientific content and implementation of the IP and critically examines its contribution to detecting substandard and falsified medicines, supporting Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and enabling generic interchangeability in India, as well as its growing relevance for international trade and regulatory convergence.

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Indian Pharmacopoeia, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, drug quality standards, medicines regulation, Good Manufacturing Practices, reference standards (IPRS), pharmacopoeial harmonization, WHO good pharmacopoeial practices, generic medicines, public health.

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A study of the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of suicidal tendencies among adolescents in tribal areas& 2024

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A study of the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of suicidal tendencies among adolescents in tribal areas& 2024

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Camouflage Object Detection is a challenging problem in computer vision due to the high visual similarity between target objects and their surrounding environments. Conventional object detection methods often exhibit degraded performance in camouflage scenarios because of weak object boundaries, low contrast, and complex background textures. This paper presents a segmentation-based camouflaged object detection framework using the SiNet-V2 deep neural network architecture. The proposed approach performs pixel-level segmentation to accurately localize camouflaged regions in input images. The model was trained and evaluated on publicly available benchmark datasets.

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Camouflaged Object Detection, SiNet-V2, Deep Learning, Image Segmentation, Computer Vision.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Assess the knowledge of diabetic foot among diabetic patients attending tertiary care hospital of Vidarbha region of Maharashtra

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Vision-based single-person human activity recognition (HAR) has advanced rapidly through deep learning. This review surveys 14 recent peer-reviewed studies (2017-2025) focusing on monocular video HAR. We searched IEEE Xplore, SpringerLink, MDPI, and other databases with keywords like "vision-based HAR," "single-person," "CNN," "LSTM," and "Transformer," screening for methods, datasets, and performance. We compare each study's model, dataset, and accuracy, and highlight common limitations. Major findings include the effectiveness of attention and fusion architectures for spatiotemporal feature learning[1][2]. Performance is now very high on benchmark datasets (e.g. >96% on UCF/KTH[3][4]), but generalization and real-time constraints remain challenging. We identify research gaps - notably, reliance on limited datasets and heavy computation - and suggest directions such as lightweight models and richer data. Our review underscores progress and open issues in vision-based single-person HAR.

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Human Activity Recognition (HAR), single-person, video, convolutional neural network, LSTM, attention, transformer.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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UNESCO has defined "Women's empowerment is the process by which women become aware of gender-based unequal power relationships and acquire a greater voice in which to speak out against the inequality found in the home, workplace, and community". The definition itself indicates that the women empowerment is process and it has change according to the situation. That process also include social, economic, political and cultural progress among women. The present research paper intend to find out those progress with a sociological point of view. Historical elements witnessed there was no space for women in any aspect. Treated as subordinate of men and denied in decision making. However, the present situation somehow better and progressive. Hence, the present research paper tries to find out some of the important aspects of women empowerment.

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Keywords: Empowerment, Inequality, Change, Subordinate, Process

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Abstract-- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the primary cause of death globally, highlighting the critical need for efficient prevention and early detection. Traditional diagnostic approaches, though clinically valuable, often involve high costs, delayed diagnosis, and limited personalization. Leveraging extensive hospital records, this work proposes a robust machine learning-driven framework for automated feature selection, risk prediction, and clinical decision support in CVD management. A comprehensive prepossessing pipeline, including normalization, missing value handling, and feature selection, ensured reliable model inputs. Multiple machine learning algorithms classified patients into cardiovascular risk categories based on clinical and lifestyle parameters such as cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting blood sugar, and ECG. To enhance predictive accuracy, a Super Learner ensemble algorithm was employed to combine multiple base models, achieving an F1-score of 92.3% with a 90.94% average accuracy, outperforming current methods. Metrics like accuracy and precision were employed in performance validation. recall, F1-score, and ROC-AUC, demonstrating robustness across datasets. The integrated recommendation engine provides personalized lifestyle and medical guidance, including dietary changes, exercise plans, and consultation needs, through a user-friendly graphical interface for instant predictions and recommendations. The novelty of this work lies in combining the Super Learner ensemble approach with a personalized recommendation system, thereby improving predictive accuracy and supporting preventive cardiovascular care to alleviate the overall healthcare burden.

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Keywords-- Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), Machine Learning (ML), Super Learner, Risk Prediction, Personalized Healthcare, Preventive Medicine, Recommendation System, GUI.

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication caused by long-term diabetes and is a leading cause of vision loss. Due to lifestyle changes, retinal abnormalities may appear within a decade of diabetes onset or even earlier. Modern medicine offers mainly conservative, symptomatic treatments, and current DR therapies have notable limitations. In Ayurveda, DR correlates with Madhumehajanya Timir, and traditional Ayurvedic texts describe several formulations for diabetes and its ocular complications. This case study evaluates the actual effectiveness of these Ayurvedic treatments in managing DR. For many years, Ayurvedic pharmaceutical companies have prepared various kwath formulations, which Acharyas have traditionally used to treat numerous diseases. Diabetic retinopathy is increasingly common, and Ayurveda offers an effective line of treatment for managing its symptoms. Administering a kwath medicated with drugs possessing Pitta-Rakta Shamaka properties can significantly support the management of diabetic retinopathy.

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Diabetic retinopathy, Madhumehajanya Timir, Kwath, Pitta-Rakta Shamaka.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Representational spaces that surfaced in Kerala by the 1930s significantly shaped public consciousness and bolstered communist ideology among the people. Work environments, tea shops, and reading rooms formed novel public spheres during the second quarter of the 20th century. These spaces fostered inter-caste interaction and expedited the process of socialization. The presence of subaltern people rendered these spaces crucial for communists leaders, predominantly upper-caste Hindus, to engage with. Transcending caste barriers, upper caste-Hindus dared to get mingled with lower strata of society. Dynamic political interactions at these spaces, nurturing numerous friendships, infused class consciousness among subaltern groups, thereby bringing them closer to communism.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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public sphere, communists, vayanasalas, work spaces, subalterns, class consciousness

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition