Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Shortly after T.B. Macauley arrived in India as a Member of the Council of India, he suggested in 1835 for first suggested the need to improve and reform prisons in India.1 But he didn't think it was necessary to provide for the education of prisoners. "There is no man whom it would cost more to instruct than a criminal prisoner. None would sooner forget instruction."2 While acknowledging Macaulay as a great historian and statesman, one cannot subscribe to his view that education would be a waste of prisoners. Education helps to distinguish between right and wrong, good and evil, use and abuse, freedom and slavery, God and his angels and satan and his minions. To deny the acquisition of an asset like education to convicts is to deny them a basic human right.

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 Keywords

CONVICTS' EDUCATION IN THE JAILS OF TAMIL NADU

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 Abstract

Assam faces border skirmishes with its neighboring states. Claims and counter claims by communities at the borderland are everyday affairs of Assam and its neighboring Northeast states. The genesis of border skirmish goes back to 1933 Inner line notification and repeated redrawing of Inner line during 1875-1933. 1875 Inner line was the first imaginary border on the map of erstwhile Eastern Bengal Frontier. The line served as border between the hills and plains of Assam. The line also served as jurisdiction limits and administration limits for colonial administrative divisions between the hills and plains of Assam. Border skirmishes have not been resolved due to Assam's firm stand on colonial documents of 1933 Inner line as the official border. This paper analyzes the ongoing border skirmishes between Assam and Mizoram. Various sources are utilized, from Archival papers to make sense of the present to review of Official Border Study Reports. Fieldwork narratives and case study of families at the borderlands between Assam and Mizoram are undertaken. It helps in analyzing different narratives of the ongoing border skirmishes. Overlapping territorial claims by both communities, overlapping administration zones, non-demarcation of borderlands during 1971 Northeast States Reorganisation Act and overlooking of border demarcation during the 1986 Mizo Peace Accord ignite today's border skirmishes on annual and seasonal basis. Till today, no consensus on border issues. Hence, borderland issues have not been solved. Lastly, the paper suggests how border skirmishes can be resolved.

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 Keywords

Border, Borderlands, Assam-Mizoram Border skirmishes, Inner Line, 1971 Northeast State Reorganization Act.

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The Morse Code Detection System using eye blink and sound detection is an innovative, web-based communication framework designed to assist individuals with speech and motor impairments. This system transforms involuntary biological signals such as eye blinks and sound pulses into meaningful Morse code, which is then translated into human-readable text. By integrating modern browser-based machine learning technologies including TensorFlow.js and MediaPipe Face Mesh, along with a cloud-native backend powered by Convex, the system enables real-time blink detection, signal classification, data storage, and communication history management. Traditional assistive technologies often require specialized hardware or costly infrastructure, making them inaccessible to many individuals. In contrast, this system operates entirely within a standard browser environment and uses only a webcam and microphone, promoting accessibility, affordability, and ease of deployment. The architecture supports calibration for personalized sensitivity, session-based logging for user communication patterns, and real-time signal visualization. This project demonstrates how modern web technologies, combined with intelligent detection algorithms, can facilitate reliable communication for users with paralysis, ALS, or other conditions affecting motor capabilities. The system not only decodes Morse code signals accurately but also ensures session persistence, user customization, and extensibility toward future enhancements such as advanced sound detection and predictive communication models.

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 Keywords

Eye Blink Detection , Morse Code Communication, Sound Pulse Detection , MediaPipe Face Mesh , TensorFlow.js , Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) , Assistive Technology , Real-time Signal Processing ,Convex Backend ,Blink Duration Classification , Machine Learning , Accessibility Systems , Browser-based Application , Calibration Thresholds , Human-Computer Interaction

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The number of individuals being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. Of particular concern, the incidence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents is increasing rapidly and reflects the increasing burden of juvenile obesity. There are a number of risk factors associated with the condition; some of these are due to lifestyle; however, the majority is outside of our control, such as our genetics. There is an urgent need to develop improved therapeutics for the prevention and management of this multifactorial condition as existing medications often cause undesirable side effects and are poorly complied with. Diabetes can lead to the development of associated comorbidities. Natural products are gaining momentum for the prevention and management of various multifactorial diseases, including type 2 diabetes. In this review, we provide an overview of the strengths and limitations of fenugreek and its constituents as a therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes, including its bioavailability and interaction with the microbiome.

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Type 2 diabete,fenugreek; 4 hydroxyisoleucine; therapeutics; natural compounds; microbiome

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Healthcare professionals perceive and experience work-life balance (WLB) in a high-pressure and emotionally demanding industry. Work-life balance is a vital issue ultimately affecting the wellbeing, as one's family and work are the most important essentials of everyone's life. Any competing demands of work and family life cause conflict and negatively affect the wellbeing of workers. In recent years, the importance of maintaining equilibrium between personal well-being and professional obligations has grown significantly, especially in sectors like healthcare, where job stress, long hours, and emotional labour are routine. This study focuses on assessing the perception of Professionals towards Work Life Balance in the Healthcare Industry. There are aspects of work-life balance determined by family work conflict on the wellbeing of individuals , health , stress ,Mental health perspectives of the Professionals. The dimensions of WLB are identified and the relationship between the identified dimensions of work life balance and various demographic variables as Gender, Years of Experience has also been studied. The impact of identified dimensions on Work life Balance of Professionals in Healthcare Sector is also the part of the analysis.. Here, Quantitative research methods are used for the study, and a sample population was chosen amongst participants by using a convenient sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire was floated to collect the primary data from the respondents. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were derived. The data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 27.

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Work Life Balance , Stress , Mental Health , Healthcare Professionals , Dimensions .

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Pharmaceutical development has undergone revolutionary transformation through the integration of computational approaches into traditional discovery protocols. Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) represents a systematic framework employing mathematical modeling and in-silico simulations to predict therapeutic efficacy and optimize chemical structures prior to laboratory synthesis and validation. This methodology encompasses multiple complementary computational strategies: target structure exploitation, ligand-receptor interaction modeling, similarity-based analysis, and activity prediction through statistical correlation. Contemporary pharmaceutical challenges including protracted development timelines (typically 10-15 years) and escalating costs (approaching $2-3 billion per approved agent) can be substantially mitigated through rational computational prescreening of candidate compounds. This comprehensive literature review synthesizes current understanding of CADD fundamental concepts, evaluates principal computational techniques including receptorligand positioning algorithms and molecular property prediction models, examines available computational platforms, explores therapeutic discovery applications, and discusses emerging technologies including artificial intelligence integration. The intersection of advanced computational techniques with experimental verification methodologies signifies a fundamental paradigm shift in pharmaceutical research strategy.

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Drug Discovery, Molecular Interaction Modeling, Computational Chemistry, Lead Compound Development, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, In-Silico Prediction, Therapeutic Development

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Employer branding has emerged as a strategic human resource practice that significantly influences the attraction and retention of young talent, especially Generation Z. As Gen Z enters the workforce, their job preferences differ from previous generations, emphasizing organizational culture, work-life balance, career growth, and employer reputation. This study examines the impact of employer branding on Gen Z job preferences. A descriptive research design was adopted, and data were collected from 120 Gen Z respondents using a structured questionnaire. The study analyses key employer branding factors such as organizational culture, compensation, career development, work flexibility, and corporate social responsibility. The findings reveal that employer branding plays a crucial role in shaping Gen Z's employment decisions. The study provides insights for HR professionals to design effective employer branding strategies to attract Gen Z talent.

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Employer Branding, Generation Z, Job Preferences, Talent Attraction, HR Strategy, Organizational Culture

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This paper presents a detailed design and implementation of an AI-powered Tournament Management Agent based on Agentic Artificial Intelligence. Traditional tournament management relies on manual coordination or static software systems, leading to inefficiencies, data inconsistency, and limited scalability. The proposed system introduces an autonomous conversational agent capable of understanding natural language queries and executing tournament management tasks such as creation, updating, deletion, and retrieval of tournament information. The system integrates FastAPI for backend services, SQLite for lightweight persistent storage, and Google Gemini for natural language understanding and reasoning. By combining CRUD-based automation with agentic decision-making, the system significantly reduces human effort and improves usability. Extensive testing and analysis demonstrate that the proposed approach enhances operational efficiency and provides a scalable solution suitable for academic institutions, sports clubs, and event organizations.

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Agentic AI, Tournament Management System, Artificial Intelligence, FastAPI, SQLite, Natural Language Processing, AI Agents, Gemini

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 Abstract

This study examines the factors that influence hotel selection in metropolitan markets, with specific reference to Holiday Inn Mumbai International Airport. Mumbai represents one of the most competitive hospitality environments in India, where hotels must go beyond brand recognition to convert awareness into actual bookings. The research focuses on key determinants such as cleanliness, room comfort, location, pricing, service quality, brand reputation, loyalty programs and the role of digital platforms in shaping guest decisions. The study adopts a descriptive and quantitative research design using primary data collected through a structured online questionnaire administered to ninety respondents, including both guests who have stayed at the hotel and those who have not. Secondary data from academic journals and industry reports are used to support the analysis. The findings reveal a significant gap between brand awareness and booking behavior. While the Holiday Inn brand enjoys strong visibility, this does not translate proportionately into stays. Cleanliness, hygiene, comfort and accessibility emerge as the most influential decision factors, outweighing brand name alone. Digital platforms play a decisive role in the hotel selection process by supporting discovery, comparison and evaluation through online travel agencies and reviews. Guests who have stayed at the property report satisfaction with rooms and food and beverage services, while banquet facilities and marketing communication show lower visibility. The study concludes that to improve conversion, the hotel must strengthen its digital presence, reposition itself beyond a primarily business travel identity and leverage operational strengths to build loyalty. The research contributes practical insights for hospitality managers operating in highly competitive urban markets.

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 Keywords

Hotel selection, Holiday Inn Mumbai International Airport, Cleanliness and hygiene, Room comfort, Location convenience, Price and value, Brand reputation, Online travel agencies, Online reviews, Digital presence, Guest satisfaction, Loyalty programs, Marketing gap, Urban hospitality market

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Bahu Pratiman Hasthakshep Model Ka Vikas : Hindi Bhasha Me Aadharbhut Bhashai Kaushal Hetu

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Bahu Pratiman Hasthakshep Model Ka Vikas : Hindi Bhasha Me Aadharbhut Bhashai Kaushal Hetu

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition