Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Background: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent, excessive, and free-floating anxiety occurring more days than not and often accompanied by autonomic overactivity and somatic manifestations such as headache, restlessness, muscle tension, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. The disorder significantly impairs daily functioning, concentration, and overall quality of life. Epidemiological studies suggest that GAD is more prevalent among middle-aged and elderly individuals, particularly women, and is frequently associated with prolonged psychosocial stress, bereavement, interpersonal conflicts, and unresolved emotional trauma. Conventional management of GAD primarily includes pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, which may provide symptomatic relief but often require long-term treatment and may be associated with adverse effects or incomplete resolution of symptoms. Furthermore, these approaches may not always address the individual's emotional susceptibility or the deeper psychosomatic dimensions of the disorder. In homoeopathy, mental disorders are understood as dynamic disturbances of the vital force, frequently arising from prolonged emotional stress, grief, disappointment, or suppressed emotions. According to homoeopathic philosophy, psychological disturbances often manifest through physical symptoms, and such somatic expressions are considered meaningful indicators of internal imbalance rather than isolated pathological entities. Therefore, treatment is directed toward the individual as a whole, based on the totality of mental, emotional, and physical symptoms, with the aim of restoring equilibrium and achieving sustained improvement rather than mere symptomatic palliation. Case: A 54-year-old female presented with chronic headaches for 3-4 years associated with excessive worry, restlessness, cold perspiration during anxiety, disturbed sleep, irritability, and craving for raw rice. The complaints followed prolonged marital stress, domestic abuse, bereavement, and subsequent betrayal by family members. Intervention: Based on the totality of symptoms and repertorial evaluation, Natrum muriaticum was prescribed as the constitutional remedy. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of constitutional homoeopathic treatment in managing Generalized Anxiety Disorder with somatic expression.

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Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Homoeopathy, Natrum muriaticum, Somatization, Similimum.

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The Chenab Bridge, an engineering marvel spanning the Chenab River in the Reasi district of Jammu and Kashmir, India, stands as the world's highest railway bridge and a symbol of infrastructural innovation. Designed as a steel arch bridge, it rises approximately 359 meters above the riverbed, surpassing even the height of the Eiffel Tower. Engineered to withstand extreme wind speeds, seismic activity, and challenging Himalayan topography, the bridge incorporates state-of-the-art materials and construction techniques, including weathering steel for longevity and a blast-resistant design for enhanced security. The structure exemplifies a harmonious integration of aesthetic form and structural function, with its arch geometry ensuring optimal load distribution across deep gorges. Beyond its technical brilliance, the Chenab Bridge plays a critical strategic role, connecting remote regions and enhancing socio-economic integration in one of India's most geopolitically sensitive zones. Its completion represents a landmark achievement in high-altitude bridge engineering and resilient infrastructure development. The Chenab Bridge's conceptual design and structural design principles are described in this study. The major goal is to describe the unique bridge concept in difficult terrain and to provide an overview of the design solutions employed in one of the world's tallest steel arch railway bridges. The construction of a new railway line in India has been taken on by Indian Railways as a mega-project in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The project includes a large number of tunnels and bridges which are to be implemented in highly rugged and mountainous terrain. The alignment crosses a deep gorge of the Chenab River which necessitates construction of a long span railway bridge. The deck height is 359m and bridge length is 1315m. Indian railways constructing the iconic arch bridge on river Chenab as a part of the USBRL project to connect Kashmir valley to the rest of nation. Arch bridge completely made of steel. Foundations and the approach viaduct piers are made of concrete. This report describes the design and engineering of the bridge. The bridge has numerous design challenges such as erection of the steel arch by cable crane, the bridge's huge dimensions, and the special design requirements- redundancy of the arch, the earthquake load and blast load effect. The challenges in the design and erection of the bridge is described in this paper.

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Conceptual Design Approach, Geotechnical Considerations, Structural Design Aspects

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The Worker Safety Monitoring System is a computer vision-based application designed to monitor worker safety using image and video analysis. The system uses the YOLOv8 deep learning model along with OpenCV to detect workers and identify the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in real time. Images or video streams are processed through a Flask-based backend, where object detection is performed and results are displayed on a web dashboard. The system operates without a database and focuses on real-time safety monitoring, making it efficient, lightweight, and suitable for industrial safety applications.

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Worker Safety Monitoring, YOLOv8, Object Detection, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), Computer Vision, OpenCV, Flask Framework, Image Processing, Video Processing, Real-Time Monitoring, Web Dashboard

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Global warming, driven primarily by the excessive emission of greenhouse gases from human activities such as industrialization, deforestation, and unsustainable consumption, has emerged as one of the most pressing challenges of the 21st century. Its impacts are far-reaching, including rising global temperatures, melting glaciers, sea-level rise, biodiversity loss, and severe threats to human health and economic stability. Scientific evidence from organizations like the IPCC and NASA confirms the urgency of addressing this crisis. Solutions to global warming require a multidimensional approach that integrates technological innovation, political commitment, economic restructuring, and social transformation. Renewable energy adoption, carbon capture technologies, sustainable agriculture, and energy-efficient infrastructure represent key technological pathways. International agreements such as the Paris Accord highlight the importance of global cooperation, while national policies like carbon taxation and emission trading systems demonstrate political will. Economically, the transition to a green and circular economy can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and promote sustainability. Socially, education, awareness campaigns, and lifestyle changes--such as plant-based diets and reduced consumption--are essential to foster collective responsibility. Case studies from countries like Germany, Costa Rica, and Bhutan illustrate that meaningful progress is possible when governments, communities, and individuals act in unison. However, challenges such as political resistance, economic inequality, and technological limitations remain significant barriers. The future of humanity depends on immediate and sustained action to mitigate global warming, ensuring climate justice and ecological balance for generations to come.

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Global warming Climate change Greenhouse gases Carbon dioxide (CO?) Methane (CH?) Fossil fuels Deforestation Industrialization Rising temperatures Sea-level rise

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Objective: To explore the therapeutic potential of traditional herbal remedies in the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and to highlight the importance of integrating herbal and modern medical approaches for improved patient outcomes and long-term metabolic balance. Significance: Globally, over 800 million people suffer from diabetes, with T2DM accounting for approximately 95% of all cases. Despite major advancements in pharmacological treatments such as GLP-1 agonists, metformin, and SGLT2 inhibitors, many individuals--especially in low- and middle-income countries--remain inadequately treated due to limited access, high cost, and side effects. Herbal medicines with antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering properties represent promising, affordable, and culturally accepted complementary approaches. Methods: A comprehensive literature review and synthesis of preclinical and clinical studies were conducted on five principal antidiabetic plants--karela (Momordica charantia), neem (Azadirachta indica), jamun (Syzygium cumini), guggul (Commiphora wightii), and saptarangi (Salacia oblonga)--focusing on their phytochemical constituents, mechanisms of action, safety profiles, and therapeutic potential. Results: These herbs enhance insulin sensitivity, stimulate pancreatic ?-cell function, inhibit intestinal glucose absorption, and mitigate oxidative stress. Clinical and experimental evidence supports their role in improving glycemic control, lipid metabolism, and organ protection. Kerala's preventive community programs further demonstrate how traditional and modern strategies can synergize effectively. Conclusions: Future research should focus on standardization of extracts, identification of bioactive compounds, and large-scale human clinical trials. Integrating validated herbal therapies with modern medicine can create a sustainable, holistic framework for diabetes prevention, management, and improved global health outcomes

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Dibetes,Karela,Neem,Guggul,Saptarang, Jamun seed

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This case study reports a 30-year-old male patient diagnosed with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU), presenting with severe generalized pruritus and recurrent wheals distributed over the entire body for the past 4 years. The patient did not achieve significant symptomatic relief despite prolonged treatment with conventional antihistamines, Autologous Serum Therapy (AST), and Omalizumab (OMA). The patient was clinically evaluated and managed through Ayurvedic Panchakarma interventions, including Snehapana (therapeutic administration of unctuous substances such as ghee and oil), Vamana, and Virechana, along with internal medications prescribed according to the principles of Seethapitta Chikitsa. Disease activity was assessed using the validated Weekly Urticaria Activity Score (UAS7), recorded at baseline, after Vamana, after Virechana, and during follow-up. Quality of life was evaluated at baseline and after follow-up using the Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire (CU-Q2oL). The outcomes demonstrated complete remission of disease activity along with marked improvement in quality of life, as reflected by the assessment scores. Hematological and biochemical investigations further indicated the safety and therapeutic efficacy of Ayurvedic management in this case of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.

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Panchkarma Therapy chronic Urticaria Management of Urticaria spontaneous Urticaria Case study

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This research paper examines three critical dimensions of modern Pharmacy Benefit Management (PBM) systems: scalable analytics platforms for real-time insights, FHIR standards integration for healthcare interoperability, and member-facing tools designed with behavioral data analytics.

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PBM, Data Analytics

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The nature of the self has occupied a foundational place in Indian intellectual history, from the earliest Vedic compositions to the systematized philosophies of classical dar?anas. This article traces the evolution of the idea of the self, beginning with early Vedic cosmology, Br?hma?a ritual speculation, and the profoundly introspective Upani?adic literature, before surveying its reinterpretation in S??khya-Yoga, Jainism, Buddhism, and ?yurveda. Against this broad backdrop, this article offers a detailed reconstruction and defense of the Ny?ya-Vai?e?ika theory of ?tman as a permanent, non-material, substantive self that persists through changing mental states and personal experiences. Classical Ny?ya arguments from memory, recognition, agency, desire, and moral responsibility are reformulated in contemporary philosophical terms and deployed against the Buddhist doctrine of anatt? and momentariness (k?a?ikatva). The article concludes that the Ny?ya position--grounded in metaphysical realism, a robust theory of cognition, and pragmatic commitments to knowledge and liberation--offers the most coherent and philosophically defensible account of personal identity in the Indian tradition.

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?tman; Ny?ya; anatt?; Upani?ads; Vedas; personhood; self; consciousness.

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Magical realism is a genre of fiction that combines magical elements with realistic depictions of the world. It is a genre of literature that does not follow a conventional narrative structure that maintains a clear beginning, middle, and end. a literary form of fiction that contains considerable realistic detail, as distinct from magic and fantasy. Here magical or supernatural phenomena are presented in or against the real world. The term magical realism was first used in 1925 by the German artist Franz Roh.ram Care of Anandi Lord Akhil P Dharmajan's novel "Mercury Island-The End of the World-" written in the backdrop of the Bermuda Triangle, which has created a mystery in the real world and is still standing today, captures the readers and brings them to the peak of suspense The purpose of this paper is to provide background to the study.

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Suchlichkeite, Bermuda Triangle, Mayan Civilization, Delusion, Mercury Island, Methane Gas, Aliens, Devils Triangle, Marmmadweep, Mother Earth

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In the modern digital ecosystem, websites have become a fundamental requirement for businesses, startups, educational institutions, and individuals. However, traditional website development involves multiple technical stages such as requirement analysis, UI/UX design, frontend and backend implementation, testing, and deployment, which demand significant time and technical expertise. Although AI-driven website builders have emerged to simplify this process, most existing tools generate static websites in a single iteration, lack conversational continuity, and provide limited access to the generated source code. This paper proposes an AI-powered website builder using conversational generation that enables users to create and iteratively refine websites through natural language interaction. The proposed system allows users to continuously modify the website using conversational prompts, preview changes in real time, manually edit generated HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code, and export the final website for deployment. The system is developed using Next.js for frontend and API handling, Supabase for authentication and database management, and generative AI models for dynamic website generation. The solution bridges the gap between non-technical users and professional developers by combining AI automation with developer-level control.

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Artificial Intelligence, Website Builder, Conversational AI, Generative AI, Next.js, Supabase, Web Automation

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