Volume 12 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Hyperpigmentation of the skin is a dermatological disorder that causes the skin to become darker or discoloured. Treatments for hyperpigmentation problems frequently have low patient compliance and take a very long time to show benefits. First line treatment for hyperpigmentation is topical formulation, oral treatments. The second line treatment is chemical peel which is more invasive procedure and the third line treatment is laser treatments that are all part of the conventional treatment for hyperpigmentation. These treatments have drawbacks and side effects such erythema,redness,irritation, skin peeling, and dryness, and they take a long time to start showing results. These drawbacks of the traditional therapies allowed for more investigation into more recent approaches to hyperpigmentation management. Novel formulations including liposomes, phytochemicals, and nano/micro emulsion microneedling are a few of these treatments. Better results with fewer adverse effects and more therapeutic efficacy are being shown by a natural chemical.This review aims to several hyperpigmentation problems and their processes, as well as the latest and innovative treatment approaches for managing hyperpigmentation.

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Hyperpigmentation ,topical ,chemical peel ,laser treatment, novel therapy.

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E-pharmacy have become the latest trend all over the world, especially since COVID-19 pandemic started in2019. People who were looking for medications had more options, whether they had a prescription or not. At the pandemic time for the safety concern consumer buying each and everything through online system and also choose home delivery for all essential goods and medicines. India is 3rd largest & fastest developing, pharmaceuticals industries in world. Now a days online pharmacy is one of the technology advancement which creating huge demand . There are so many facilities of e-pharmacy or online pharmacy like as cost effectiveness, free home deliver, instant serves. In this article we have discussed in detail about online pharmacy, its advantages and disadvantages, differences between online and local pharmacy, and certain measures to avoid misuse of e-pharmacy . Also know about rules and guidelines for e-pharmacy. This review explores the evolution of e-pharmacies, their growth, and impact on society and traditional healthcare systems. Many e-Pharmacy key players are PharmEasy Med life, 1MG, Netmeds Myra, Care On Go and Pharma safe operates online business. Med life is leading with about 30% market share of the total e-pharmacy market in India.

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E-Pharmacy, laws of pharmacy, Types of e-pharmacy, Pandemic situation, pharmaceutical sector.

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The relationship between international relations strategies and the experiences of immigrants is a multifaceted area of study. This paper investigates the impact of diplomatic relations between the United States and Bangladesh on the lives of Bangladeshi immigrants in the USA. By examining the intersections of foreign policy, immigration policy, and the socio-economic integration of Bangladeshi migrants, this research provides insights into how international relations strategies shape the immigrant experience. This study utilizes both qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze immigrant adaptation, opportunities, challenges, and perceptions of national policies.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Bangladeshi immigrants, international relations, U.S. foreign policy, immigration policy, migration experience, diplomatic relations

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This study explores the factors influencing consumer purchasing decisions and preferences for dragon fruit in Aizawl. The findings reveal that consumer choices are predominantly guided by quality attributes such as visual appeal, sweetness, freshness, and organic production. Attributes like shiny pinkish-red peel with green bracts, smooth and juicy flesh, and affordability (Rs. 80 to 200 per kilogram) emerged as top priorities among consumers. Demographically, middle-aged participants (41-50 years) and government employees exhibited the highest propensity for regular purchases, indicating the influence of health awareness and financial stability. While novelty was the primary motivation for 70.9% of buyers, a significant segment (29.1%) valued the fruit for its nutritional benefits. No significant associations were found between gender or household income and purchasing behavior, suggesting a broad appeal across socio-economic boundaries. The study's implications extend to farmers, marketers, and policymakers. Farmers are encouraged to focus on consumer-preferred attributes, while marketers can develop targeted campaigns emphasizing health benefits and affordability. Policymakers can promote sustainable cultivation and support small-scale farmers. However, limitations such as the small, geographically specific sample and reliance on self-reported data suggest the need for further research with larger, diverse samples and longitudinal designs to capture evolving consumer preferences.

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- Dragon fruit, consumer preferences, purchasing behavior, quality attributes, Aizawl

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Herbal medicines have long been integral to traditional medicine systems worldwide, offering diverse therapeutic benefits. In recent years, there has been a surge in the use of these natural products, prompting extensive research into their pharmacological properties. This review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety profiles of commonly used herbal medicines, focusing on their mechanisms of action, therapeutic applications, and potential risks. Many herbal remedies exhibit promising pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective effects, attributed to their bioactive compounds. However, the efficacy of these remedies is often influenced by factors such as plant variability, preparation methods, and dosages. Safety concerns arise from the possibility of adverse drug interactions, toxicity, and a lack of standardization in herbal formulations. This review underscores the importance of rigorous clinical studies, pharmacokinetic data, and safety assessments to ensure the safe use of herbal medicines. The integration of traditional knowledge with modern scientific research is crucial for maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks.

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herbal medicines, pharmacological properties, efficacy, safety profiles, bioactive compounds, therapeutic applications, adverse drug interactions, clinical studies, standardization, pharmacokinetics.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The KrishiSakha Platform is an AI-driven recommendation system designed to explore sustainable farming practices in Indian agriculture. The platform facilitates real-time crop disease detection through image analysis by leveraging advanced technologies such as deep learning (CNN) with a pre-trained VGG16 model. It incorporates random forest algorithms to provide precise crop and pesticide recommendations based on soil parameters like pH, moisture, and nutrients. Data augmentation and preprocessing techniques enhance the model's ability to generalize and accurately classify diseases. KrishiSakha offers actionable insights, including remedy recommendations and expert guidance, through a responsive, local language chat interface accessible on both Android and web platforms. This comprehensive approach ensures efficient resource utilization, improved accessibility, and a strong emphasis on precision agriculture and sustainability.

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KrishiSakha Platform, AI-driven recommendation system, Deep learning, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), VGG16 model, Random forest algorithm.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In present times, caste-based reservation has become a hot topic. In which emphasis is being laid on ending caste-based reservation. Special opportunities are being given to the caste under the laws and rules. How has it spread at the lower level and what effect has it seen in the society. The reservation policy has also been extended to the representation of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Parliament of India. In recent times, the way lower class people used to work under the upper caste classes, now there has been a lot of improvement in it. Whatever social reform has taken place here, the valuable hand of reservation is hidden behind it. An attempt was made by the researcher to see this.

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Reservation, opportunity, social change, pressure group

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The central part of any Language is its grammar which further branches out in syntax, phonology and semantics. Phonology is that aspect which deals with the sound, syntax with structures and semantics with meaning. This paper focuses on the structural aspect or the syntax. This should be of vital interest to any curriculum designer in language. The aim of teaching English as a second language in the SSC curriculum is for students to achieve complete proficiency in the language. So in the endeavour to achieve this proficiency a student who has enrolled in school is subjected to a completion of a course in English language. Many language teachers believe that teaching grammar is an important aspect in achieving linguistic proficiency. But a systematic review is needed to ask the question "What is the effect of teaching grammar in English' This perennial question has prompted this study. This paper reviews the order of L1 grammatical acquisition which leads to the conclusion that grammar must be taught only with the awareness of the syntax acquired at a particular grade.

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Grammar, syntax structures, grammar proficiency

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Investor satisfaction is a key determinant of success in the mutual fund industry. This paper examines the role of marketing mix elements--product, price, place, and promotion--and financial education initiatives in shaping investor satisfaction. By analyzing survey data from 1,000 investors and applying factor analysis, the study identifies critical attributes influencing satisfaction. The findings highlight the importance of branding, content marketing, and educational programs in fostering trust and loyalty. Recommendations are provided for mutual fund companies to enhance their marketing and education efforts.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Investor, mutual funds, marketing, financial education, promoter.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition