Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

The main objective of this project is to designand implement a user-friendly and accessible mobile application capable of detecting hidden spy cameras in sensitive environments such as hotels, rental properties, and changing rooms. Our system leverages advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models, deep learning, and computer vision techniques to identify camera lenses through reflection analysis. Using a smartphone's camera, the system captures live video frames, applies preprocessing, and employs a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to classify whether reflections correspond to spy cameras or harmless objects. The platform provides real-time alerts through sound or vibration, making it practical for non-technical users. Additionally, in its second phase, the system incorporates Wi-Fi signal analysis to identify active hidden cameras within a range of up to 30 meters, further strengthening detection accuracy. By combining optical reflection analysis with wireless signal monitoring, this project presents an innovative and portable solution to counteract privacy invasion. Ultimately, the application aims to enhance personal safety, encourage responsible use of surveillance technology, and contribute to a more secure and trustworthy digital society. Future extensions may include improved detection in poor lighting conditions and support for deployment across multiple device platforms.

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 Keywords

Spy camera detection, Computer Vision, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks, Wi-Fi signal analysis.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Cooperative learning is an instructional strategy that encourages students to work together toward shared goals, fostering both academic success and interpersonal growth. In primary education, cooperative learning plays a crucial role in developing communication, teamwork, empathy, and problem-solving skills. This paper examines how cooperative learning enhances social competence among young learners. Drawing from Vygotsky's Social Constructivist Theory and Johnson & Johnson's Cooperative Learning Model, it highlights the importance of group interaction in fostering peer relationships and emotional intelligence. Empirical research indicates that cooperative classroom activities improve students' self-esteem, tolerance, and collaboration. The paper concludes by recommending practical strategies for integrating cooperative learning into primary school curricula to promote holistic development.

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Cooperative Learning, Primary Education, Social Skills, Collaboration, Teamwork, Constructivism.

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This study investigates the peristaltic transport of a micropolar fluid in an asymmetric channel under the influence of an induced magnetic field. The effects of slip velocity at the channel boundaries are incorporated into the analysis. By employing the long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximations, analytical expressions for the axial velocity, stream function, magnetic force function, and axial induced magnetic field are derived. The governing expressions are evaluated for a specific set of parameter values used in the model analysis. The computed results are illustrated graphically to highlight the physical behavior of the flow. It is observed that variations in the parameters significantly influence the flow characteristics, and the presence of a magnetic field notably affects the fluid motion. The influence of slip velocity on the flow exhibits a behavior similar to that of the induced magnetic field.

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Peristalsis; Micropolar Fluid; Slip velocity; Induced Magnetic Field; Pressure Gradient

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Assessment for Learning (AfL), often known as formative assessment, is a learner-centered approach that focuses on continuous feedback and improvement rather than final grades. In primary education, formative evaluation helps teachers identify learning needs, guide instruction, and encourage self-reflection among students. This paper explores the role of formative assessment strategies in enhancing learning outcomes and motivation among young learners. Grounded in the theories of Black and Wiliam (1998) and Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development, the study highlights methods such as peer assessment, self-assessment, and feedback-based evaluation. Empirical evidence shows that formative assessment promotes engagement, confidence, and academic progress. The paper concludes with recommendations for integrating formative strategies effectively into primary education for holistic student growth.

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Formative Assessment, Primary Education, Feedback, Learning Process, Evaluation, Self-Reflection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Environmental education is essential in shaping young learners' attitudes and behaviors toward nature. At the primary level, developing environmental awareness through activity-based learning enables students to understand ecological balance, sustainability, and their role in environmental protection. This paper explores the significance of hands-on environmental education in building responsibility and eco-conscious behavior among children. Grounded in experiential and constructivist theories of Dewey and Piaget, the study emphasizes how activities such as gardening, recycling projects, nature walks, and experiments enhance environmental literacy. Empirical evidence indicates that activity-based environmental learning improves knowledge retention, critical thinking, and community participation. The paper concludes by recommending strategies for integrating environmental education into the primary curriculum for holistic development.

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Environmental Awareness, Activity-Based Learning, Primary Education, Sustainability, Experiential Learning, Eco-Literacy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Vitamin D deficiency in women is a pervasive health concern prevalent among women with far-reaching implications for overall well-being. The present article provides a concise overview of the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among women and its association with lifestyle factors. Factors contributing to its prevalence include limited sun exposure, dietary choices, and hormonal changes associated with pregnancy and menopause. According to available data from various research papers, the Present article explores the extent of deficiency in various regions and age groups, underlining the necessity for targeted interventions. Lifestyle plays a pivotal role in vitamin D status for women. Inadequate sun exposure, stemming from indoor occupations and cultural practices, remains a primary contributor. Dietary preferences, often lacking in calcium-rich foods, further exacerbate the problem. Lifestyle-related factors like obesity can compromise vitamin D bioavailability. Vitamin D deficiency in women is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis, autoimmune diseases, and mood disorders. Promoting lifestyle modifications, including sun exposure, dietary improvements, and supplementation, is essential in addressing this concern. Awareness campaigns and tailored strategies are pivotal in the prevention and management of vitamin D deficiency.

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Vitamin D, Diet, Lifestyle, Sun exposure, Prevalence

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Supply Chain Management (SCM) is, today, a familiar management terminology. Although supply chains in industries have been in existence for quite some years, it is only in the last decade or so that SCM has begun to be viewed and treated as a strategic component of business management. This is mainly due to its ability in the present context, which can and does result in, sustainable competitive advantage for supply chain organizations as a whole andsupply chain partners,individually.Hence,this article examines the specific role of HRM and HR practices in performing the functions of Staffing, Training, Evaluation and Compensation effectively, to support optimal performance of the entire supply chain as an integrated unit in the future retail industry. The analysis was comprised of a comprehensive review, a survey of 140 respondents across employees in retail companies. The findings highlight key areas that should inform the pillars of a HR capacity development plan. The results reveal that there is a huge role for the HR practices in implementing the active supply chain system in the organisation

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human resource management, supply chain management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Employee onboarding plays a crucial role in enhancing organizational effectiveness by improving employee retention, satisfaction, and performance. A smooth onboarding process helps new hires adapt to organizational culture, understand job expectations, and build connections with their teams. This conceptual literature review explores the theoretical foundations, existing research, and practical strategies for effective onboarding. The paper also proposes a conceptual model linking onboarding practices to employee engagement and performance, mediated by job satisfaction and organizational commitment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Employee onboarding. organizational commitment

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Sayyid Mawdudi's social thought provides an engaging perspective that emphasises the universality of justice, equality, and human dignity. In a society discernible by ethnicity, inequality, and injustice, Mawdudi's thought challenges conventional wisdom by providing a framework that undermines the boundaries between nationalism and ethnicity. His conception of a just society is based on the human values embedded in the Quran, which uphold the protection of individual liberties and the establishment of social harmony via moral leadership. This paper explores Mawdudi's social thought, highlighting how his vision of an Islamic society seeks to create an equitable and welcoming community that prioritises the welfare of all people, regardless of their origins, race, or religion. By examining Mawdudi's views on social justice, the study highlights his contributions to global ethical discourse and his call for a universal, compassionate strategy to address contemporary social challenges. Ultimately, by advocating for a standard, moral duty to build an inclusive and just society for all, Mawdudi's social thought offers a powerful counterweight to the individualistic and divisive philosophies of the modern world.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mawdudi, Social Thought, Humanity, Universality.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition