Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Buddhism, founded by Siddhartha Gautama in the 6th century BCE, emerged as one of the most significant reform movements in ancient India. It arose as a response to the complex ritualism and social inequality of Vedic society. This paper examines the rise of Buddhism, its key teachings such as the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, and its profound influence on Indian religion, philosophy, art, and culture. Through a historical and analytical lens, this study highlights how Buddhism reshaped the moral and social fabric of India and left a lasting legacy across Asia.

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 Keywords

Buddhism, Gautama Buddha, Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, Middle Way, Sangha, Mauryan Empire

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Mauryan Empire (321-185 BCE) marked the first unification of most of the Indian subcontinent under a centralized state. Founded by Chandragupta Maurya and expanded by his successors, the empire reached its zenith during the reign of Emperor Ashoka (273-232 BCE). This paper examines the political organization, administrative structure, and moral governance of the Mauryan Empire, with special emphasis on Ashoka's reforms following the Kalinga War. Drawing upon archaeological evidence, literary sources like Arthashastra and Edicts of Ashoka, and modern historiography, the study highlights how Ashoka's administration combined pragmatic governance with ethical humanism. The Mauryan model of bureaucracy, revenue collection, espionage, and justice laid the foundation for later Indian political systems. The paper concludes by assessing Ashoka's enduring legacy in promoting welfare, religious tolerance, and moral rule (Dhamma).

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 Keywords

Mauryan Empire, Ashoka, Administration, Arthashastra, Dhamma, Political Unification, Governance.

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This research examines the multifaceted impact of traffic congestion on working professionals, focusing on psychological, physical, productivity-related, and economic consequences. Employing a synthesis of contemporary academic literature, this study explores how daily commutes through congested environ-ments contribute to heightened stress, adverse mental and physical health outcomes, diminished work per-formance, and significant economic losses. The research identifies critical factors such as commute dura-tion, frequency of congestion, and the unpredictability of travel times as key determinants of these nega-tive impacts. Furthermore, it highlights various individual, organizational, and policy-level coping mech-anisms and mitigation strategies, including flexible work arrangements, improved public transportation, and urban planning interventions. This study contributes a comprehensive overview of the challenges posed by traffic on professional well-being, offering actionable insights for individuals, employers, and policymakers aiming to foster healthier and more productive workforces in urban settings.

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 Keywords

Traffic congestion, Commute stress, Working professionals, Productivity, Mental health, Physical health, Economic impact, Flexible work arrangements.

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 Abstract

Manshik Swasth Sudhar Hetu Sangeet Or Yog Ka Ekikrut Prayog

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Manshik Swasth Sudhar Hetu Sangeet Or Yog Ka Ekikrut Prayog

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Police officers in India often face significant challenges in efficiently documenting incidents, FIRs, and witness statements due to language diversity, time constraints, and noisy environments at crime scenes. Traditional manual documentation methods are slow, error-prone, and limited by linguistic barriers, leading to delays and inaccuracies in complaint registration. To address these issues, this project proposes a Multilingual Speech-to-Text System designed to convert audio complaints into accurate text and support for multiple Indian languages and dialects. The system allows officers to record statements through a mobile or web interface, automatically transcribe the audio, and review and correct the text before securely storing it. Once verified, the text is automatically formatted into a First Information Report (FIR) or official report. The system architecture integrates speech recognition, language processing, secure data storage, and existing police IT systems, ensuring smooth adoption in both field and station environments. This solution improves speed, accuracy, and accessibility in complaint documentation, reduces administrative workload, minimizes errors, and enhances overall efficiency in police operations.

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 Keywords

Speech-to-Text, Multilingual System, Police Documentation, Indian Languages, Real-time Transcription, Secure Data Storage, Language Processing, Web and Mobile Application, AI in Policing.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Accurate and early identification of plant leaf diseases plays a crucial role in improving crop yield, ensuring sustainable farming, and reducing economic losses. This paper presents a real-time monitoring system for precise plant leaf disease detection using deep learning techniques. The proposed system integrates IoT-enabled cameras for continuous image acquisition, an efficient pre-processing pipeline for noise removal and segmentation, and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) optimized for deployment on edge computing devices. The system performs rapid and accurate classification of diseased and healthy leaves, providing farmers with instant alerts and visual insights through a user-friendly dashboard. Experimental validation confirms the robustness of the proposed model across multiple crop species and environmental conditions. This study contributes to the advancement of smart agriculture by providing an intelligent, automated, and cost-effective solution for real-time disease detection and management.

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Plant leaf disease detection, real-time monitoring, deep learning, convolutional neural network (CNN), IoT, image processing, smart agriculture, edge computing

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The present clinical study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Ashwattha Twak Kwatha Yonidhavana in the management of Yonigata Shwetastrava (Leucorrhoea). A total of 20 patients presenting with classical symptoms of Yonigata Shwetastrava such as excessive vaginal discharge, itching, and local discomfort were selected for the study. The intervention involved Yonidhavana (vaginal douche) with Ashwattha Twak Kwatha for 7 days after menses for 3 consecutive cycles. Assessment was made before and after the treatment based on parameters like strava pramana, kandu, gandha, cervical erosion and backache. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the clinical features after the treatment period. Most patients showed complete or marked relief from discharge and itching, indicating the effectiveness of Ashwattha Twak Kwatha Yonidhavana in reducing local infection, inflammation, and excessive secretion. Statistical analysis confirmed that the improvement observed was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The study supports that the kaphaghna, and yonishodhana properties of Ashwattha Twak, which contribute to maintaining vaginal hygiene and normal physiological function. Thus, Ashwattha Twak Kwatha Yonidhavana can be considered an effective, safe, and economical local therapy for Yonigata Shwetastrava.

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 Keywords

Yonigata shwetastrava, Ashwattha twak kwath, yonidhavana, clinical study

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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FinTech in India has transformed payments, lending, insurance, and savings through rapid digitization and innovative business models. It has boosted financial inclusion and lowered transaction costs, but governance challenges persist--data privacy, consumer protection, AML/CFT compliance, and cyber resilience. This paper examines India's FinTech regulatory landscape, focusing on RBI guidelines, NPCI/UPI developments, regulatory sandboxes, and NITI Aayog recommendations. Using descriptive and exploratory review of regulatory documents and industry reports, the paper identifies fragmentation and capacity constraints as core challenges while highlighting opportunities in sandboxes, RegTech, and interoperable frameworks. The study offers policy recommendations for a technology-neutral, principle-based approach to sustain innovation while safeguarding financial stability and consumer welfare.

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 Keywords

FinTech India; Regulatory Framework; Digital Lending; UPI; Regulatory Sandbox; RegTech; Consumer Protection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The autonomous vehicle (AV) market in India faces a critical challenge due to a disconnect between global AV technologies, designed for structured environments, and the uniquely complex and unpredictable nature of Indian roadways. This project proposes the development of an Autonomous Vehicle Virtual Simulator specifically designed to mimic realistic Indian road conditions. The simulator will provide a safe, cost-effective, and controlled digital environment for training and evaluating self-driving systems. By recreating scenarios with erratic traffic patterns, diverse pedestrian behaviors, and varied road infrastructure like potholes, the goal is to provide a foundational tool for researchers and developers to test, validate, and scale AV models for the Indian market.

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 Keywords

Autonomous Vehicles, Virtual Simulator, Indian Road Conditions, Unstructured Traffic, Chaotic Driving, Model Training, Machine Learning, Data Gathering, Simulation Performance, CARLA, LGSVL, Sensor Simulation, Synthetic Data, Road Infrastructure, Potholes, Pedestrian Behavior, Safety Validation, User Empathy, Operational Design Domain

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The paper takes the example of making an investment in the Indian financial market with your capital of INR10,00,000 outlaid towards low-risk funds and sectors safe/fall back investment avenues. The study brings out SEBI as a primary regulator and also bring out the statutory provisions of The Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956, The SEBI Act,1992 and Mutual fund regulations. It examines how risk profiling, investor protection mechanisms, disclosure requirements and prudential norms influence investment decisions in equities, derivatives and mutual funds.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Financial market, mutual fund. securities market, legal framework, investor protection, scope of investment

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition