Volume 12 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Stretch marks, or Striae Rubrae, affect 50 to 90 percent of pregnant women, resulting from rapid skin stretching due to various factors, including pregnancy, obesity, and hormonal changes. This review examines the prevalence, predictors, and common locations of stretch marks, along with both conventional and Ayurvedic treatment options. Conventional treatments include topical creams, microdermabrasion, chemical peels, laser therapy, and surgical options, all aiming to improve skin texture and elasticity. Ayurvedic approaches emphasize holistic techniques such as Abhyanga massage, Udvartana, Lepa, and Panchakarma, which aim to nourish the skin and promote collagen production. Additionally, dietary recommendations and lifestyle changes are highlighted to support skin health and prevent the formation of stretch marks. Natural remedies, including coconut oil, aloe vera, vitamin E oil, and rosehip oil, are discussed for their moisturizing and regenerative properties. This comprehensive review underscores the importance of both preventive and therapeutic measures, allowing individuals to choose between conventional and natural methods to manage stretch marks effectively.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Lasers, stretch marks, striae albae, striae rubrae.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

As the demand for English continues to rise, there is an equally pressing need to foster dialogue between English and local languages. This dialogue can be effectively facilitated through translation, which acts as a bridge between cultures. Historically, the standardization of certain languages at the expense of others dates back to colonial times when many nations pursued monolingualism, sidelining regional and native languages. This neglect has had lasting impacts on cultural diversity and identity.However, the 21st century is witnessing a shift. There is a growing recognition of the importance of preserving and revitalizing native languages and cultures alongside English and the modern culture. This paper will explore these significant changes in the realm of translation, highlighting how it can serve as a tool for cultural exchange, empowerment, and the reclamation of linguistic heritage. Through translation, we can celebrate linguistic diversity and foster greater understanding in our interconnected world.The translation of local languages into English in any other nation stands as a significant milestone in the recognition of local literatures on the global stage. It not only elevates the voices of local authors but also challenges the historical marginalization of their narratives within the global literary landscape. This paper aims to delve into the role of translation in promoting global literary landscape serving as a conduit for cultural exchange and understanding, focusing on Wu Ming Yi's internationally acclaimed novel The Man with the Compound Eyeswhich attains global acclaim through its translation by Derry Stark. Moreover, in an increasingly interconnected world, translation serves as a vital mechanism for fostering global literary diversity. Particularly picking up the thework of Wu Ming-Yi, a prominent Taiwanese author whose writings address ecological issues, cultural identity, and the complexities of modern life, it is possible to explore how translation not only makes these works accessible to a global audience but also fosters appreciation for diverse voices and experiences. However, the process of translation is not without its challenges, including the need to maintain the author's voice and the cultural specificity embedded in the text. This paper discusses the significance of translation as an interpretative act that shapes how literature is perceived across different cultures. Ultimately, through Wu Ming-Yi's works, we illustrate how the craft of translation promotes the art of local native literature enriching literary diversity, global discourse, and multi-cultural understanding.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Translation, Local native literature, Global literary diversity, Culture, Environment, Ecocriticism

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 represents a transformative shift in India's education system, focusing on holistic, flexible, and multidisciplinary approaches. Aiming to make education accessible, equitable, and inclusive, NEP 2020 introduces changes across all levels--from early childhood to higher education. The policy emphasizes foundational literacy and numeracy, fosters critical thinking, and aims to develop a "learning-centered" rather than "content-focused" system. Key reforms include replacing the 10+2 structure with a 5+3+3+4 model, promoting activity-based learning in early childhood, and integrating vocational education from grade six. Furthermore, NEP 2020 envisions a significant overhaul of the higher education landscape by proposing a multidisciplinary approach, flexible curriculum, and multiple entry-exit options. Establishing the National Research Foundation (NRF) is another vital step toward fostering a research culture. One of the policy's primary goals is to increase the Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education to 50% by 2035, ensuring that education remains affordable and inclusive. The emphasis on technology in education and support for digital and online learning, especially post-pandemic, seeks to bridge rural-urban and socioeconomic divides. By focusing on mother tongue instruction at the foundational stage, NEP 2020 respects linguistic diversity while aiming to improve comprehension and cognitive skills among young learners. However, the policy faces implementation challenges, such as inadequate infrastructure, teacher training needs, and budget constraints. Overall, NEP 2020 aspires to create an education system that nurtures the holistic development of individuals and aligns India with global standards, ultimately aiming to foster a globally competitive, knowledge-based economy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

NEP 2020, Education Policy, Education System, Hindrances, Implementation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Automated Waste Segregation System using OpenCV and Image processing is a transformative approach towards using image processing to segregate waste automatically. It will create ease with detection, recognition, categorization of waste by using deep learning and algorithm. The algorithm will collect the images of waste from the camera module, process it and identify the image into a category like wet or dry waste, plastic, glass, metal, etc. and then send the proper command to respective actuators to segregate the waste properly. The objective is to utilize image processing in different methods according to different situations and revolutionize it.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Image processing, OpenCV, YOLO v5, ESP 32 CAM Module, Python.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Over the past thirty years, as the expense and complications involved in marketing new drug entities have increased, with concomitant recognition of the therapeutic advantages of controlled- drug delivery, greater attention has been focused on development of sustained or controlled-release drug delivery systems. There are several reasons for the attractiveness of these dosage forms. It is generally recognized that for many disease states, a substantial number of therapeutically effective compounds already exists. The effectiveness of these drugs, however, is often limited by side effects or the necessity to administer the compound in a clinical setting. The goal in designing sustained- or controlled- delivery systems is to reduce the frequency of dosing or to increase effectiveness of drug by localization at the site of action, reducing the dose required, or providing uniform drug delivery.1 Today the conventional drug delivery system is the primary pharmaceutical products commonly seen in the prescription and over the counter drug market place. This type of drug delivery system is known to provide a prompt release of drug. It is often necessary to take this type of drug delivery system several times a day for maintaining the drug concentration within the therapeutically effective range.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Design, medication, Drug, Matrix tablet

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Imagine a protective shield that safeguards our planet from the sun's harmful rays. This shield, the ozone layer, is slowly wearing thin due to human activities. The chemicals we release into the atmosphere, like those found in old refrigerators and air conditioners, are breaking down this vital layer. As a result, more harmful UV radiation is reaching Earth. This can lead to serious health problems, including skin cancer and cataracts. It can also damage ecosystems and harm crops, affecting food production. To protect ourselves and the planet, countries around the world have joined forces to reduce the use of these harmful chemicals. While progress has been made, we must continue to monitor the ozone layer and take further action to ensure its recovery.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ozone layer, ozone depletion, ultraviolet radiation, ozone-depleting substances (ODSs), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, environmental impact, climate change, Montreal Protocol, sustainable development, public health, skin cancer, cataracts, immune system, ecosystem, agriculture.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In democratic India, the principle of 'one person, one vote' is intended to provide each citizens with an equal say in the process of governance. However, this study has been undertaken to examine the declining value of political votes in India, where elections are increasingly influenced by manipulation, and less free and fair. Despite visible protest and public dissatisfaction, many citizens end up with re-electing the ruling party, leading to a cycle of one party dominance. This paper explores how targeted strategies, particularly aimed at common innocent people and vulnerable groups, shape public perception and reinforce political power. By highlighting these tactics, the study seeks to showcases the erosion of democratic norms in India's electoral system. The study is mainly a secondary research based on books, articles, research papers, youtube videos etc. Key Words: Democracy; manipulation; vote bank; electoral reform; one party dominance.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Democracy, Manipulation, Vote Bank, Electoral Reform, One party Dominance

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study investigates consumer perceptions of after-sales service in the four-wheeler industry, emphasizing its critical role in customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. The research aims to identify the key dimensions of service quality that influence consumer satisfaction and to assess the impact of service accessibility, perceived fairness, and transparency of service costs on consumer perceptions. Utilizing a survey methodology, data was collected from car owners to analyze their experiences and expectations regarding after-sales services. The findings reveal a significant correlation between perceived service quality and overall customer satisfaction, highlighting that consumers prioritize aspects of after-sales service that enhance convenience and accessibility. This research contributes valuable insights for automotive manufacturers and marketers, underscoring the importance of effective after-sales service in fostering brand loyalty and improving customer retention in a competitive market.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

After-Sales Service, Consumer Perception Four Wheelers ,Customer Satisfaction ,Brand Loyalty ,Service Quality ,Automotive Industry, Service Accessibility, Perceived Fairness ,Customer Retention.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: This paper aims to critically examine the theme of gender-based violence in Richard Flanagan's one of the most fascinating novel The Living Sea of Waking Dreams, published in 2020. In this novel, Flanagan presents objective violence through the character Francie, who experiences the quiet, pervasive harm inflicted by societal expectations and traditional mindsets and Anna, who undergoes objective violence that is closely connected to her individual circumstances, family relationships and surroundings. Objective violence, as theorized by Slavoj Zizek, refers to the systemic and institutional forces that perpetuate harm, often invisibly, through norms and structures. Francie, as an older woman, becomes a victim of societal expectations that push her into self-sacrificing roles shaped by patriarchal traditions. Throughout her life, she has been expected to care for others, often losing her own sense of self in the process. This highlights how women are quietly compelled into lives of submission and service, sacrificing their own needs and desires. As Francie approaches death, her autonomy is stripped away, as her family--especially her children--make decisions for her, disregarding her own wishes. The societal expectation that women should accept these roles of caregiving, obedience and silence renders Francie powerless, trapped in a system that views her primarily through the lens of duty and obligation. The violence she endures is not very open but structural, stemming from the deeply ingrained norms that dictate women's worth. In contrast, Anna faces objective violence through emotional isolation, intensified by her brother Tommy's passivity and her son's detachment from family responsibilities. These dynamics highlight the pressures modern cultural values place on familial relationships, emphasizing autonomy and control over empathy and connection. Ultimately, this paper argues that Flanagan's portrayal of Anna and Francie's experiences serves as a critical exploration of how objective violence, shaped by societal norms, erodes human bonds and compassion, especially in times of vulnerability by taking references from Flanagan's work The Living Sea of Waking dreams.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Violence, Expectations, Submission, Autonomy, Vulnerability.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Osteoarthritis of knee also known as degenerative joint disease. Osteoarthritis of knee is a condition that occurs when the cartilage in the knee joint breaks down, causing the bones to rub together. This friction can lead to pain, stiffness and swelling in the knee. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Guidelines for the medical management of osteoarthritis emphasize the use of nonpharmacologic interventions including exercise. In this study 30 osteoarthritis knee patients within the age group of >40 years were selected and were divided into two groups (Group A for Iyengar yoga therapy and Group B for Conventional physiotherapy). The study aims to analyze the effect of Iyengar yoga therapy v/s conventional physiotherapy on pain and functional activities in OA knee patients.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Osteoarthritis of knee, Iyengar yoga therapy, Conventional physiotherapy, Pain, Functional activities.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition