Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

This paper introduces Pawsitivity Petkart, a web-based platform designed to streamline pet adoption and the sale of pet-related products through a unified digital system. The platform offers an interactive interface that enables users to explore available pets, view product details, and complete secure online transactions. It also provides administrators and sellers with tools to manage inventories, update listings, and monitor sales performance. The system is implemented using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and MySQL, ensuring efficient data management and transaction reliability. By addressing issues such as geographical constraints and limited transparency in traditional pet stores, the proposed solution enhances accessibility and user trust. Future development aims to incorporate machine learning for personalized recommendations and IoT-based modules for intelligent petcare management, thereby fostering a responsible and technology-driven pet ownership environment.

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 Keywords

Online Pet Shop, E-Commerce, Pet Adoption, Web Application, IoT, Pet Management System

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Performance appraisal is a critical human resource tool used to evaluate employee performance, identify strengths and weaknesses, and guide HR planning. In private limited companies, effective appraisal systems help enhance employee motivation, productivity, and organisational growth. This research investigates the effects of performance appraisal on employee motivation and organisational outcomes in Indian private limited companies. Data were collected from 120 employees across five private companies, and a detailed statistical analysis (correlation, regression, mean comparisons) was conducted. Results show a strong positive correlation (r = 0.78) between employee satisfaction with appraisal systems and job motivation. Regression analysis further reveals that performance appraisal practices explain 61% of the variance in employee motivation. The study concludes that companies with transparent, structured, and feedback-oriented appraisal systems experience significantly higher performance outcomes.

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Keywords Performance Appraisal, Employee Motivation, Private Limited Companies, Feedback Quality, Appraisal Fairness, Organisational Performance, Reward Systems, Human Resource Management, Employee Satisfaction, Productivity, Evaluation Techniques, Performance Management, Regression Analysis, Job Performance, Employee Engagement

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The EDPs focus mainly on skill development among the participants. The skill sets that are sought to be developed are broadly of two types, viz., Hard skills and Soft skills. Hard skills refer to technical and managerial skills. On the other hand, Soft skills refer to cognitive and behavioural skills in areas such as positive thinking, creativity, communication, interpersonal relationship, problem solving, decision making and so on.

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Social status, Econmc status, entreprenurship etc

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The rapid advancement of additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D printing, has significantly transformed the landscape of medical device innovation. This technology offers immense potential for personalized healthcare solutions, including patient-specific implants, prosthetics, surgical tools, and tissue scaffolds. However, the integration of 3D printed devices into mainstream healthcare systems presents complex regulatory challenges globally. Regulatory bodies such as the U.S. FDA, the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and India's CDSCO are striving to develop adaptive frameworks that address the unique aspects of 3D printing, including material variability, device reproducibility, and post-processing validation. This abstract explores the evolving global regulatory landscape for 3D printed medical devices by highlighting key challenges such as classification ambiguities, quality control, risk assessment, and traceability. It also discusses existing and emerging standards issued by organizations like ISO, ASTM, and IEC, which aim to harmonize manufacturing protocols and testing procedures. Compliance pathways vary significantly across jurisdictions, impacting product approval timelines and market access. Additionally, the abstract emphasizes the need for international harmonization, real-time regulatory feedback, and collaborative innovation to ensure patient safety while fostering technological growth. A robust, risk-based approach incorporating design controls, software validation (for CAD and simulation tools), and additive manufacturing-specific Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) is crucial for regulatory acceptance. This work concludes by recommending strategies for manufacturers to navigate the complex compliance environment, including early regulatory engagement, adoption of standardized processes, and investment in post-market surveillance systems.

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 Keywords

3D printed medical devices, additive manufacturing, global regulatory landscape, FDA, EMA, CDSCO, ISO/ASTM standards, compliance pathways, personalized medicine, device classification.

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The article investigates the use of ethnographic methods in research focused on English Language Teaching, that highlights the ability to uncover the cultural, social and interactional aspects of classroom environments. Ethnography, which has its roots in anthropology and qualitative research, offers a detailed understanding of language teaching and learning by documenting the actual experiences of students and teachers in authentic settings. Based on both traditional and modern studies, this article demonstrates how ethnographic techniques such as participant observation, interviews, and cultural analysis shed light on topics related to learner identity, classroom interactions, and intercultural communication. Additionally, it addresses the methodological challenges and ethical considerations involved in conducting ethnographic research while emphasizing its potential to promote contextually relevant and inclusive teaching practices. The article concludes that ethnographic research provides essential insights into the intricacies of learning English in various sociocultural contexts, establishing it as a crucial element of ELT scholarship.

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Ethnography, Learner identity, Cultural Contexts, Classroom Dynamics

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The regulatory landscape for medical devices in the United States has undergone a profound transformation with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) issuance of the Quality Management System Regulation (QMSR) final rule on February 2, 2024. This rule, effective February 2, 2026, fundamentally overhauls the longstanding Quality System Regulation (QSR) under 21 CFR Part 820 by incorporating the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 13485:2016 standard by reference. Designed to foster global harmonization, the QMSR aligns U.S. current good manufacturing practices (CGMP) with international benchmarks, alleviating compliance redundancies for manufacturers operating in multifaceted markets. This shift emphasizes the integration of risk management, lifecycle oversight, and interdisciplinary pharmacology into device governance. Drawing on the FDA's economic analysis, the QMSR is projected to yield annualized net cost savings of $532 million at a 7% discount rate, while enhancing device safety and accelerating market access. This review delineates the historical evolution, core amendments, transitional hurdles, case studies, global comparisons, and pedagogical value of the QMSR, underscoring its role in elevating patient-centric innovation amid evolving pharmaco-regulatory paradigms. As of September 2025, with the transition period underway, manufacturers are urged to conduct gap analyses to mitigate risks.

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 Keywords

Quality Management System Regulation (QMSR), Quality System Regulation (QSR), ISO 13485:2016, Medical Device CGMP, Regulatory Harmonization, Risk Management, Combination Products, Pharmacovigilance, MDSAP

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The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC; ca. 3300-1300 BCE) represents a foundational ecotone of genetic admixture, fluvial reconfiguration, and Dravidian-Para-Munda-Indo-Aryan linguistic syntaxis, elucidated through Rakhigarhi ancient DNA (aDNA) and Quaternary proxies. This synthesis integrates Ancient Ancestral South Indian (AASI)-Iranian clines (~11-50% AASI; ~50-89% Iranian Neolithic) with optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) finite mixture modeling, delineating Late Harappan (LH; 1900-1300 BCE) de-urbanization via Ghaggar-Hakra desiccation. The Vedic Sarasvati conundrum--hymnal perennial versus ephemeral relic--is reconciled against Helmand/Arghandab Avestan antecedents, constrained by pre-Holocene diversions (~10-15 ka). Refined linguistic chronometry--from undeciphered IVC script (~3300 BCE) and Proto-Dravidian/Para-Munda substrates (~2500 BCE) to Adi Tamil branching (~600 BCE), Tamil-Brahmi attestations (~6th c. BCE; Keezhadi corpus), Brahmi-Prakrits (~3rd c. BCE), and Vedic/Classical Sanskrit (~1500-500 BCE)--elucidates multilayered syntaxis: Dravidian retroflex phonemes and syntactic calques alongside Para-Munda prefixing lexicon (~300 agricultural/village loans) in Indo-Aryan, bridging the ~1000-year LH-Vedic interstice. Keezhadi excavations (2014-2025) furnish epigraphic anchors for Dravidian urbanism, percolating IVC motifs to Sangam literacy. Banjara geeli/sokala encode cataclysmic exile. Bayesian multiproxy fusion (OxCal/RLum) affirms eco-percolative hybridity, eschewing rupture.

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Rakhigarhi aDNA, Ghaggar-Hakra paleochannel, Sarasvati-Helmand nexus, Keezhadi Tamil-Brahmi, Proto-Dravidian/Para-Munda substrate, OSL finite mixtures, Banjara sokala, Indo-Aryan chronometry, linguistic syntaxis

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The homoeopathic pharmacy plays a crucial role for the patient by ensuring that patients only take safe and effective drugs. The homoeopathic pharmacy has a positive aspect in its comprehensiveness, affordability, and practicality that can be accessed by all individuals without discrimination. The quality of the dilutions practiced in homoeopathy is of vital importance in regard to homoeopathic medicine preparations. In homoeopathy, especially on the basis of good practices, the quality control strategies are significant in ensuring other control standards for homoeopathic controls and preparations. In today's era adulteration of any product is burning issue. In Homoeopathy Quality of Medicine is the vital factor. Quality can be defined as the status of the drug that is determined by identity, purity, content and other physical, chemical, biological properties, or by the manufacturing processes. Quality should not be tested at the end but must be carried out right from the moment of receipt of raw materials, right through processing, till the final packaging. Homeopathic medicines are often prepared from natural and synthetic sources materials. Two issues are decisive for the quality of homeopathic preparations: Determining the authenticity and the origin of the starting materials according to the homeopathic tradition and defining the manufacturing procedure. This study places emphasis on the positioning of the need for quality assurance in protecting the welfare of people and their medicines after the administration of homoeopathic remedies.

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Quality, Quality Control, Homoeopathic Pharmacy, Manufacturing Process, Good manufacturing Practices

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Ayurveda divided into eight divisions by ancient acharyas , kaumarbhritya is one of them.(1) The kaumarbhritya is a branch of ayurveda which deals with study of childhood diseases and their management.(2) Chhardi is one of the common disease of early growing age which resembles vomiting as per modern science. Chhardi (vomiting) or Emessis is the abnormal emptying of stomach and upper part of intestine through oesophagus and mouth.(3) According to Ayurveda chhardi is a disease of Annavaha strotas.(4) In Ayurveda there are five types of chhardi i.e. Vataj, Pittaj, Kaphaj, Sannipataj and Dvishtharthyogaj / Agantuja.(5)(6) Vitiated udan vayu along with vyan vayu brings the content of stomach upward and expels through mouth. This condition associated with vitiated Pitta and Kapha doshas.(6) The drug to be used in child for suppression of vomiting within short duration as this may lead to severe complications in children. Some of which may be catastrophic and life threatening. Therefore determining the cause and treatment of child vomiting has major importance.(7) In this present case management of chhardi with Pathyadi churna successfully given in details.

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Kaumarbhritya Chhardi, Pathyadi churna, Ayurved

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In situations where vast amounts of data are being gathered and published, machine learning is a potential solution. In order to estimate large-scale agricultural yields, we applied machine learning techniques to agronomic principles. A workflow that emphasises consistency, modularity, and reusability serve as a baseline for the project. To ensure accuracy, I worked to create predictors or traits that could be explained and then used machine learning without leaking any information. MCYFS data from the weather, remote sensing, and soil sensors was used to generate new functionalities. Smaller configuration adjustments allow us to handle many different crops and countries with our modular and reusable work flow design. Standard input data and the methodology can be utilized for repeatable tests with repeatable outcomes. It is from these findings that we may go on to refine our algorithms even further.

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