Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Ferocactus Herrerae a unique species of cactus,it has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties.This research study explores the development of a transdermal patch by using Ferocactus Herrerae fruit extract, aiming to leverage its antioxidant and anti inflammatory compounds for therapeutic benefits.The patch is designed to deliver the extract's active compounds through the skin, potentially to check the antifungal activities. The Ferocactus herrerae fruit extract was properly evaluated for its antifungal activities against variou fungal pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides of the mango plants.The fruit extract shown significant inhibition of fungal growth,by indicating its potential as a natural antifungal agent.Ferocactus herrerae, a cactus species native to Mexico, has been also traditionally used for its medicinal properties.This research study also aimed to evaluate the potential health benefits of Ferocactus herrerae fruit juice for the Mexican population.

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 Keywords

Key Words- Ferocactus herrerae, Transdermal Patch, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Mango Plants, fungal infections, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, Eudragit RL 100, polyethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide etc.

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Metacognitive skills among DEl.Ed teachers play a crucial role in shaping young learners' ability to think critically and solve problems independently. This study investigates the impact of teachers' metacognitive awareness, instructional planning, and classroom practices on the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills in primary school children. The paper highlights key findings from existing literature, presents observational insights, and discusses practical implications for teacher education programs.

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Meta cognition, Critical Thinking, Problem-Solving

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Introduction: Almost half of the patients who are administered intravenous fluid infusion or blood transfusion via IV cannula insertion develop phlebitis. This study was conducted to assess the occurrence and risk factors of phlebitis among peripheral Intravenous cannulated patients admitted in Apollo Hospital of Ahmadabad, Gujarat with a view to develop phlebitis prevention protocol. Methodology: A non-experimental descriptive research design was used for the study. Convenient sampling technique was used for the selection of 170 patients. The prepared tool (semi-structured observation checklist) was validated by experts. Pre-testing and pilot study was conducted on patients other than the study sample. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results of our study showed that phlebitis occurred in nearly one third of the patients (27%). Among these, grade-2 phlebitis was seen in most of the patients (47.83%) and grade 1 phlebitis was seen in only 41.30%. Most of the patients developed phlebitis within the first 12 hours (45.65%) and 6 hours (39.13%) of cannulation time. There was a significant association of phlebitis with age and gender, site of cannulation, disinfection of cannula site, size/ gauge of cannula, infusion of ionotropic drugs and blood and its products, mode of infusion of IV fluids potassium chloride, and phenytoin, administration of piperacillin/tazobactam, vancomycin, metronidazole, and imipenem. Conclusion: Staff nurses should be made aware of the various risk factors associated with phlebitis. Appropriate training and education programmes should be implemented.

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Phlebitis, Risk Factors, Occurrence of Phlebitis, Intravenou cannula, Nursing practice

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The paper examines how large-scale, state-driven infrastructure investments are reshaping intra-regional migration patterns within the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR). Drawing on literature, primary survey data, and statistical analysis, it evaluates the influence of expanding metro networks, highways, and major transport corridors on residential mobility, housing distribution, and public satisfaction with local infrastructure. The findings show that awareness of new infrastructure projects significantly increases the likelihood of relocation, as residents strategically select areas expected to benefit from future connectivity improvements. Metro access emerges as the strongest driver of residential movement, often outweighing traditional housing preferences. Although ongoing construction contributes to short-term disruptions, residents generally view these inconveniences as temporary trade-offs for long-term regional gains. The study concludes that while infrastructure expansion is a powerful catalyst for spatial transformation, its success in fostering balanced and sustainable growth will depend on coordinated planning between transport development and housing strategies, ensuring that improved connectivity translates into equitable and inclusive regional development.

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Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR); Infrastructure; Intra-Regional Migration

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This study examines the literary representation of the South Asian diasporic life of the people in Canada through the work Sisters at the Well. Parameswaran depicts the immigrants navigates between hereditary cultural values and the anxiety of new socio-cultural environment in Canada by interconnecting the deep sense of diasporic, identity, memory and multi-cultural tensions. Moreover, the study highlights the author's nuanced presentation of dislodgment, longing, struggle of immigrant, and the pursuit for belongingness. Parameswaran used postcolonial diasporic study that predicts Sisters at the Well connects a fusion of identity that emerges from the unremitting conciliation between "motherland" and "host-land."

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Keywords: Diaspora, Displacement, Identity, Immigration and Multiculturalism

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Heat transfer plays a crucial role in engineering systems where temperature regulation, thermal safety, and efficiency are key concerns. Traditional analytical methods become inadequate when dealing with complex geometries, transient effects, or multi boundary conditions. MATLAB provides a powerful numerical environment to solve these issues using finite difference, finite volume, and matrix based computational methods. This paper presents a MATLAB based approach to analyze and resolve heat transfer problems including 1D/2D conduction, convection modeling, and transient heat diffusion. Results indicate that MATLAB improves simulation accuracy, reduces computation time, and provides clear visualization for engineering decision making.

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MATLAB, Heat Transfer, Finite Difference Method, Conduction, Thermal Simulation, Numerical Analysis, Transient Heat Flow

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Global consumer protection mechanisms are being revaluated as a result of the profound changes that e-commerce has brought about in customer contacts and transaction procedures. As a result, the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 was passed in India, updating the 1986 Act to handle difficulties brought on by the digital economy, including online fraud, data privacy, and the complexity of digital contracts. These modifications highlight new hazards for customers while responding to the greater ease of internet commerce. The Act focuses on issues of openness and information asymmetry between businesses and customers in an effort to address jurisdictional concerns and legal complexity related to online payments. The assessment also looks at how well the Act safeguards consumer interests in the rapidly changing digital marketplace, which is characterized by intense competition and quick technology advancements. includes issues with data privacy and antitrust that are consistent with global regulatory developments.

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consumer protection, E-banking, over view of consumer protection laws, challenges of online banking, regulatory frameworks, types of E-banking, modifications and Important Clauses. Consumer protection act 2019.

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This study evaluates the performance of selected mutual funds in India using risk-adjusted metrics such as the Sharpe, Treynor, and Jensen's Alpha ratios. It also analyzes the behavior and preferences of 400 mutual fund investors across Karnataka to understand the factors influencing their investment decisions in a digital-first environment. The findings show that digitally savvy and financially literate investors rely on mobile apps, peer advice, and online reviews while selecting funds. Among the five funds analyzed, the Parag Parikh Flexi Cap Fund delivered the most consistent risk-adjusted performance. The study offers a holistic framework that integrates quantitative evaluation with investor behavior insights, helping both investors and fund houses make more informed decisions.

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Digital Confidence, Gender Difference, Service Innovation, Mutual Fund Decisions,Word-of-Mouth (WOM), Peer Recommendations, Investment Experience, Novice Investors

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The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of step endurance training on physiological variables among college women football players. It was hypothesized that there was a significant difference on selected physiological variables due to the impact of impact of step endurance training on physiological variables among college women football players. For the present study the 30 female college football players from Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts and Science for Women were selected at random and their age ranged from 18 to 25 years. For the present study pretest & posttest random group design, which consists of control group and experimental groups was used. The subjects at random assigned to two equal groups of fifteen each and named as Group 'A' and Group 'B'. Group 'A' underwent Step Endurance Training, Group 'B' not undergone any training. The physiological variables are cardio respiratory endurance and physiological variables is resting pulse rate were assessed by cooper '12' minutes run and walks test & digital pulse monitor respectively. Before and after six weeks of training the data were collected. The data were analyzed by applying Analysis of Co-Variance (ANCOVA). The level of significance was set at 0.05. The experimental group showed better improvement on cardio respiratory endurance and resting pulse rate among college women football players than the control group.

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Football, Step Endurance Training, Physiological, Cardio Respiratory Endurance and Resting Pulse Rate.

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The integration of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) into orthodontic practice has significantly transformed diagnostic imaging, allowing for enhanced three-dimensional visualization of craniofacial structures. This systematic review investigates the influence of the field of view (FOV) on the diagnostic interpretation and clinical outcomes of CBCT in orthodontics. The review categorizes FOV into large, medium, and small, emphasizing that diagnostic accuracy is inherently task-specific and determined by the chosen FOV. It highlights that small FOVs offer superior resolution for localized diagnoses while large FOVs are crucial for comprehensive skeletal assessments. Moreover, the review addresses the limitations of reconstructing images from larger FOVs and the necessity for standardized interpretation protocols tailored to different FOV settings. Clinical recommendations suggest optimized FOV selection based on distinct clinical scenarios, balancing diagnostic needs with radiation safety. In conclusion, this review underscores that effective utilization of CBCT in orthodontics necessitates a strategic FOV selection aligned with the clinical question at hand, paving the way for enhanced patient care and outcomes.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Cone-beam computed tomography, orthodontics, field of view, diagnostic accuracy, standardized interpretation protocols, radiation safety, incidental findings.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition