Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Physico-Chemical, Hot water spring, kundava, Indava, Unapdev, Anakdev.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study, A Comparative Study of Academic Performance and Achievement Levels of Students in Self-Financed Colleges of West Bengal, aims to examine the academic outcomes of students enrolled in two self-financed institutions--Cyber Research & Training Institute (Burdwan) and Bengal School of Technology (Sugandha, Hooghly). Employing a mixed-method research design, the study integrates quantitative data derived from structured questionnaires and institutional reports with qualitative insights gathered through interviews and observations. A total of 200 respondents were selected, representing students, faculty, administrators, and non-teaching staff, to ensure a multidimensional analysis. The statistical findings reveal a significant difference in academic performance between the two institutions, with students of the Cyber Research & Training Institute demonstrating superior achievement levels. The t-test results confirm the rejection of the null hypothesis at the 0.05 significance level, suggesting institutional variations in teaching quality, academic support systems, and resource availability. The study highlights how internal governance, faculty development, infrastructural adequacy, and pedagogical innovation shape academic outcomes in self-financed colleges. The research concludes that systematic quality assurance mechanisms, mentoring programs, and faculty empowerment initiatives are essential for enhancing performance consistency and ensuring sustainable academic excellence across self-financed higher education institutions in West Bengal.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

academic performance, self-financed colleges, West Bengal, higher education, student achievement, institutional governance, faculty development, infrastructure, teaching quality, performance evaluation, educational policy, quality assurance, mixed-method research, academic excellence

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A reduced clinical crown length can result in insufficient retention, potentially leading to incorrect tooth preparation. The short crown lengthening procedure is performed to extend the clinical crown without infringing upon the biological width. Various methods for clinical crown lengthening have been suggested, including gingivectomy, apically displaced flaps (with or without bone resection), and surgical extrusion. A variety of factors can contribute to a short clinical crown. In such cases, proper restorative or prosthetic rehabilitation often necessitates the lengthening of the crown. Based on the 2003 Practice Profile Survey by the American Academy of Periodontology, crown lengthening is the most commonly performed surgical periodontal procedure.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Short clinical crown, surgical lengthening, prosthetic procedure, aesthetics, restorative procedure, laser surgery, electrosurgery, radiosurgery .

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Tooth extraction is among the most common yet technique-sensitive procedures in dentistry. Conventional exodontia often compromises alveolar bone and soft tissues, leading to postoperative complications and challenges in prosthetic rehabilitation or implant therapy. The modern concept of atraumatic extraction emphasizes socket preservation through minimally invasive protocols that sever periodontal fibers and deliver teeth with minimal lateral force. Recent advances including physics forceps, powered periotomes, piezosurgery, sonic instruments, and axial extraction systems like the Benex and Easy X-Trac have enhanced precision, reduced trauma, and optimized conditions for immediate implant placement. Additional innovations such as vestibular socket therapy, root preservation, and digital integration via CBCT and artificial intelligence have further improved surgical planning, healing outcomes, and esthetics. Despite promising results, widespread adoption is limited by cost, training needs, and procedural complexity.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Atraumatic Extraction, Alveolar Preservation, Physics Forceps, Piezosurgery, Benex System

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major global health issue and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Effective management requires both pharmacological treatment and pulmonary rehabilitation. Nurses play a key role in implementing care strategies and patient education. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of staff nurses regarding the management and pulmonary rehabilitation of COPD in a tertiary care hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used, and 100 staff nurses were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire. The results showed that 56% of nurses had average knowledge, 30% had good knowledge, and 14% had poor knowledge. A statistically significant association was observed between knowledge level and years of experience (p < 0.05). The study highlights the need for regular in-service education and professional training to improve nurses' understanding and practice regarding COPD and pulmonary rehabilitation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: COPD, Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Staff Nurses, Knowledge, Chronic Disease, Nursing Education

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background: Safe motherhood continues to be a major public-health challenge in rural India. Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (BPCR) is a proven approach to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality by encouraging timely decision-making and access to skilled care. Objectives: To assess the level of BPCR among women in a rural area of Northern Chhattisgarh and to determine its association with selected socio-demographic factors. Methods: A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 antenatal and postnatal women selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a pretested structured interview schedule that included socio-demographic variables and BPCR components. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; chi-square tests were applied (p < 0.05$). Results: Overall, 42% of respondents demonstrated adequate BPCR, 33% had moderate preparedness, and 25% exhibited inadequate readiness. Only 35% could identify at least three key danger signs. Education, parity, and exposure to antenatal counseling were significantly associated with BPCR levels (p < 0.05$). Conclusion: BPCR among rural women remains moderate, with notable gaps in awareness and planning. Strengthened maternal-health education, early antenatal registration, and community-based BPCR interventions are essential to ensure safe motherhood in Northern Chhattisgarh.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Birth preparedness; Complication readiness; Safe motherhood; Rural women; Antenatal education; Chhattisgarh.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Structured Teaching Programme, Patient Knowledge, Effectiveness, Education.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Punica granatum (pomegranate) and Annona reticulata (custard apple) are two medicinally important plants widely recognized in traditional and modern medicine. This review focuses on the comprehensive phytochemical and pharmacognostic evaluation of both species. The phytochemical studies reveal the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, glycosides, and saponins contributing to their significant pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Punica granatum, Annona reticulata, phytochemicals, pharmacognosy, herbal medicine, standardization

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Safeguarding human rights in armed conflict situations is as important as safeguarding human rights in normal peace time. It is international minimum standard that non-derrogable human rights must be protected and safeguards even amidst the clash of arms. Both bodies of law viz. International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law apply to situations of armed conflict and provide complementary and mutually reinforcing protection. The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 is an illustration of emergency law which curtains even no-derrogable human rights which is inconsistent with established international norms.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Armed Conflict, Human Rights, International Humanitarian Law, non-derrogable human rights, Special Powers

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Birth preparedness, complication readiness, video-assisted teaching, primigravida mothers, childbirth knowledge, antenatal education.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition