Volume 13 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

This research study reviews modernization and reform of the Public Distribution System (PDS) through a Packaged Public Distribution System (PPDS) and specifically in Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu. PDS is described as the largest food safety program in the world. PDS underwent several reforms, starting with the Revamped PDS (RPDS) in 1992 and the Targeted PDS (TPDS) in 1997, however; it was still and continues to be challenged by pilferage, weight losses, wastage, delivery of entitlements, etc. Tamil Nadu has a Universal PDS and has provided rice for free since 2024.The focus of this study was to determine the direct and the indirect problems in the system and to suggest a new system of packaged delivery while avoiding the loss and to ensure timely and fair access to goods for all family cardholders. To help realize this study a survey was used, methodology was quantitative research, convenient sampling was utilized, and analysis was undertaken using the SPSS application. The findings conclude that a packaged delivery system would help minimize the weight loss and avoid theft and Wastage. The suggestions outlined in the study are timely distribution of goods based on cardholder data, firmly discourage incidents of corruption, check every user in an apron of the government to monitor and restrict.

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 Keywords

Public Distribution System (PDS), Packaged Distribution, Consumer Perception, Food Security, Supply Chain Transparency

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In this manuscript, iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) were successfully used for degrading the amikacin antibiotic. For degrading amikacin, Ficus hispida (F. hispida) bio-extract and poultry biowaste were used for stabilizing the synthesis of Fe nanoparticles. The effectiveness of the Fe nanoparticles prepared by using both methods was compared for their effectiveness in degrading Fe nanoparticles. FeNPs were created, and their properties were measured using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD The appropriateness of sunlight for the degradation experiments was assessed. Different experimental variables, including initial concentration of the antibiotic, initial dose of FeNPs, reaction time, ionic strength of the solution, and pH of the solution, were researched. The conclusion was that a mixture of sunlight with poultry biowaste-synthesized FeNPs had a high level of degradation efficacy in comparison with F. hispida-synthesized FeNPs. The production of FeNPs and their application in amikacin degradation using poultry biowaste provide a sustainable source for synthesis, promote waste valorization, and contribute to the development of a circular economy.

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 Keywords

poultry biowaste extract, Fe nanoparticles, amikacin, antibiotic degradation, anti-bacterial assay

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Offending or criminal behavior related to substance use disorders (SUDs) and Mental Health (MH) disorders is one of the most pervasive global challenges undermining the integrity of the criminal justice system. Traditional judicial practices involved adopting an incarceration-based, punitive model to crime, with only minimal effectiveness in reducing recidivism and treatment of sociocultural, psychological, physical, and practical roots of criminal intent or motive of the offenders, leading to rehabilitation. By contrast, Problem-Solving Courts (PSCs) or Integrated Courts (IC), such as the Drug treatment courts (DTCs), Mental Health Courts (MHCs), Indigenous Peoples' Court (IPCs) epitomise a holistic and integrated care model that combines judicial supervision and control with therapeutic interventions, community-based care, and principles from forensic psychology such as therapeutic jurisprudence, restorative justice, treatment models and risk assessment. Based on empirical evidence and corroborating data from the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe, this paper demonstrates that PSCs reduce recidivism, increase compliance with treatment adherence, and advocate for cost-effective measures that address the underlying causes of criminal behavior, rather than focusing on punitive measures. The discussion subsequently explores the future direction of adopting a PSC Model in the Indian Judicial System, addressing prison crowding and high prevalence of untreated mental health conditions, and evaluating the application of the integrated model. Drawing on forensic psychology principles, the paper addresses exploring execution of Problem - Solving Courts through Metropolitan Pilot Program by leveraging of existing or new support services encompassing the Triage Team which will consist of health care workers , mental health supports, housing stability navigation, substance abuse treatment plans and centers , probation officers and police; judicial training in principles of forensic psychology, telepsychiatry, while incorporating AADHAAR - linked identity verification system. Anticipated outcomes are expected to reveal reduced recidivism, lower incarceration rates, mandated treatment compliance, enhanced citizen safety, and targeted management of mental health and substance use disorders, adhering to ethical considerations -- associated stigma, informed consent, and a culture-sensitive implementation approach -- bringing forth resolutions.

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 Keywords

Problem-Solving Courts or Integrated Courts, Forensic Psychology, Recidivism, Substance Use and Mental Health, Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Restorative Justice

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Autonomic Function and Quality of Life refers to inter and intra-individual levels of positive functioning that can include one's relatedness with others and self-referent attitudes that include one's sense of mastery and personal growth. Subjective well-being reflects dimensions of affect judgments of life satisfaction. Medical students is the novel profession who are the social leader and whose main duty is to provide good health and take of the patients. Stress is the uncontrolled speed of mind, which response to the emotional level by the cause of chemical reaction. Scientific literature showed that teaching is a highly stressful occupation, more mental illness problems compared to other professions.

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Autonomic Function and Quality of Life, mindfulness attention Awareness, depression-happiness, mental well-being, Mind Sound Resonance technique.

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Population migration is a social process. Humans have been migrating since the dawn of life. However, the current surge in population migration to the plains of Uttarakhand is a cause for concern, leading to unprecedented population growth in these districts. Research has been conducted to understand the causes and effects of rapid population growth in the districts of Haridwar, Dehradun, Udham Singh Nagar, and Nainital. Population growth in a given area depends on the economic, social, and geographical factors of that area. Population migration occurs rapidly in areas where conditions conducive to human development, employment opportunities, higher income opportunities, and educational and health facilities are available. Due to limited livelihood opportunities in rural areas of Uttarakhand, the rural population is currently migrating rapidly to plains and urban areas in search of employment.

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migration, Climate, Plains, Geographical, Employment.

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Warts, or verrucae, are benign epidermal proliferations caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and are one of the most common dermatological conditions globally. This review examines the use of topical gels and solutions containing the keratolytic agents salicylic acid (SA) and lactic acid (LA) for the removal of warts, focusing on their mechanisms, clinical efficacy, and safety profile. Keratolytic therapy, particularly with SA, is widely considered the first-line, over-the-counter (OTC) treatment for common and plantar warts due to its low cost, ease of self-application, and favorable safety record. The combination of SA and LA enhances the destructive and desquamative effect on the hyperkeratotic tissue, leading to the gradual elimination of the virus-infected epidermis. Comparative clinical trials suggest that topical SA formulations offer an efficacy comparable to, or in some cases superior to, more invasive treatments like cryotherapy, particularly for common warts. This review synthesizes data from approximately 70 authentic sources to provide a detailed, evidence-based overview of this foundational treatment modality.

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Warts Removal Gel By Keratolytic Agents

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In the era of digital commerce, online reviews play a pivotal role in shaping consumer attitudes and purchase decisions. The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) provides a theoretical framework to understand how individuals process persuasive messages. This study employs Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to empirically test the central and peripheral routes of persuasion as posited by ELM in the context of online reviews. Using data from a sample of 485 participants, the study examined the influence of central processing (e.g., content evaluation, argument quality) and peripheral cues (e.g., source credibility, review attractiveness) on key outcomes such as attitude formation, perceived accuracy, usefulness, and purchase intention related to online reviews. The study reveal strong support for the central route, indicating that deep processing of information leads to more positive attitudes, perceived accuracy, and intentions to purchase. Additionally, peripheral cues such as source expertise and social connectedness significantly influence attitudes and credibility perceptions. The findings offer valuable insights for marketers and platform designers to enhance the effectiveness of online review strategies in influencing consumer behavior. This study contributes to the understanding of online review persuasion by integrating theoretical insights from ELM with empirical analysis using SEM.

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 Keywords

Consumer behavior, Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), Online reviews, Purchase Intention, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ROLE OF SHRIMADBHAGWATGEETA IN PERSONALTY DEVELOPMENT

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GEETA

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Marine pollution has become a critical global concern, threatening biodiversity, ecosystem stability, and human health. This paper explores the multidimensional nature of marine pollution, categorizing its types, and tracing its origins to human activities such as industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, shipping, atmospheric deposition, and deep-sea mining. The study highlights the profound ecological and economic consequences, including habitat destruction, species mortality, coastal degradation, and public health risks. In response, it outlines a suite of solutions ranging from improved waste management and oil spill prevention to policy reform, technological innovation, and community engagement. With smart policies, technology, and teamwork, we can protect our oceans for future generations.

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 Keywords

Marine Pollution, Ocean Contamination, Plastic Waste, Oil Spills, Toxic Pollutants, Sea Mining, Noise Pollution, Environmental Degradation, Coastal Erosion, Public Policy and Administration, Environmental Sociology, Pollution Prevention

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ABSTRACT Traditionally, the foundation of pharmacological therapy has been traditional drug delivery methods, including tablets, capsules, syrups, ointments, and injections. These traditional methods, however, have a number of problems. Due to first-pass metabolism and restricted absorption, they frequently have low bioavailability, particularly for medications that are poorly soluble in water . Furthermore, they typically lack the ability to precisely regulate release kinetics, which might result in toxicity, subtherapeutic exposure, or variations in plasma concentration (peaks and troughs) . Non-specific distribution throughout the body presents another difficulty, as it may result in off-target side effects and reduced therapeutic efficacy at the site of disease. Furthermore, the distribution of numerous compounds is further restricted by physiological barriers (e.g., the blood-brain barrier, epithelial tight junctions, enzymatic degradation, etc.) . Due to these problems, it is still challenging to use classic formulations to achieve site-specific delivery, prolonged release, and reduced side effects .

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 Keywords

Nanoparticles, Targeted drug delivery, Bioavailability, Controlled release, Site-specific delivery, Blood-brain barrier, Pharmacokinetics, Nanomedicine

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition