Volume 13 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

Inclusive education promotes equal learning opportunities for all students including those with Intellectual Disability. However implementing inclusive practices often presents significant challenges. This paper explore the academic , social , emotional, and structural barriers faced by students with Intellectual Disability in inclusive classroom and provides recommendation for improving inclusion practices. Inclusive education aims to integrate students with intellectual disabilities (Intellectual Disability) into mainstream classrooms, providing equitable learning opportunities. However, its implementation faces multifaceted challenges that hinder effective inclusion. Academically, these students often struggle with rigid curricula not tailored to their learning needs, compounded by insufficient teacher training and lack of specialized instructional strategies. Socially, students with Intellectual Disability confront peer rejection, bullying, and isolation, impacting their social development and emotional well-being. Structural barriers such as inadequate facilities, limited access to assistive technologies, and insufficient institutional support further exacerbate their educational experience. Additionally, negative attitudes and misconceptions among educators and peers create attitudinal obstacles to inclusion. Overcoming these challenges requires a comprehensive approach including professional development for teachers, curriculum flexibility, enhanced support services, and community awareness to foster acceptance and ensure meaningful participation of students with intellectual disabilities in inclusive settings.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

: Inclusive education, Intellectual disability, Teacher training, Social-emotional adjustment, Educational barriers etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The study was conducted to assess the effects of artificial exposure of light at night on blood glucose level among IT workers at selected IT company in coimbatore district .The objective of the study was to assess the blood giucose level after the effect of artificial exposure of light at night among IT workers and to find out the findings with the selected demographic variables . A quantitative research approach was adopted for the study .A descriptive Cross sectional design was adopted for the study . The sample consisted of 35 IT employees who worked in NRI sector night shift. The target population included IT workers aged 20-45 years who worked night shifts or had extended screen exposure during night hours. Night-shift workers with high ALAN exposure exhibited significantly higher mean fasting blood glucose levels compared to day-shift workers (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between duration of ALAN exposure and elevated glucose levels. Sleep disturbances and reduced melatonin secretion were identified as potential mediating factors. This study found that greater artificial light exposure at night (ALAN) among IT workers at the selected Coimbatore company was associated with adverse effects on blood-glucose regulation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial light exposure at night , Blood glucose level

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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South India comprises four states and union territories, namely Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. In South India, paddy is a staple food crop that has been cultivated since ancient times. At present, paddy cultivation has claimed an unrivalled position and assumed the pride of place in the food grain crop scenario of southern India, relegating all other food crops to a position of poor secondary importance. In this significant process, paddy cultivation has undergone spectacular changes in the cultivation area, production, yielding crop areas under irrigation, etc. South Indian states dominate in area after West Bengal and Odisha states and in production after Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. The mechanisation and development of irrigation facilities and lift irrigation systems have greatly paved the way in South India for the abundant cultivation of paddy crops. Also, the researchers developing new breeds and high-yielding varieties have amply contributed to bringing more land under paddy cultivation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Agri culture, Area Yield, Production, irrigation etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The term entrepreneur is derived from the French word, entrepreneur, which translates to "to undertake". Recently, Rural Entrepreneurship has been presenting a significant opportunity for individuals who relocate from rural or semi-urban regions to urban areas. The advancement of rural entrepreneurship is crucial, as approximately 70% of India's population resides in rural regions. Undoubtedly, the economic progress of our nation largely relies on the development of rural areas and the living standards of their rural population. The government has initiated various schemes to promote rural development, which are detailed in this paper. This paper aims to identify the challenges and issues faced by rural entrepreneurship. The data has been primarily gathered from secondary sources related to the subject.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Entrepreneur, Rural Entrepreneurship, Rural area, Challenges, Opportunities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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"It is as if we were forced to acknowledge the existence of castes, wishing at the same time they were classes" - Andre Battelle (Author of the book 'Caste, Class and Power') This paper explores the idea of Caste and Class in the scenario of Indian Society. How identity and status of an individual is related to caste, how caste is hidden in class and class is hidden in caste . This caste system creates exclusion and inequalities. We couldn't differentiate caste from class and class from caste in India's context. When we talk about social democracy then the concept of Liberty Equality, Fraternity and respect of human dignity which are the basic pillars for the Annihilation of Caste and when we talk about economic democracy this leads to welfare of the working class. Political, Social and economic philosophies of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar provides us a broad area to discuss and analyse these issues in diverse perspectives. Dr. Ambedkar discussed these issues not only in theory but he also did enormous executive works in this regard. In this paper I will try to recognise Dr. Ambedkar was not only an Architect of Indian Constitution but also as a founder of modern India, founder of democratic India, advocate of social justice, human dignity and human rights. He also must be regarded as an Architect of laws which are related to labour welfare, peasant welfare, women. In this paper I will try to explore the personality and works of Dr. Ambedkar influenced the different sections of the society in different ways. I also try to understand the relevance of Dr. Ambedkar's thoughts on the present scenario of Capitalism and Globalisation and what are the changes going on in the nature of caste and class in Indian Society. " The Community can't ride one track and business another. The two are inseparable, interactive and interdependent " - Cleo F Craig, Former President and Board Chair. A T& T

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Social Democracy, Caste, Class, Labour Welfare, Economic Exclusion.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Keywords: Chewable toothpaste tablets, conventional toothpaste, plaque index, randomized controlled trial, oral hygiene.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study analyses consumer behaviour regarding Maruti Suzuki vehicles in the Tiruchirappalli district, emphasising critical elements that affect purchase decisions, brand loyalty, and customer satisfaction. This research aims to comprehend the resonance of Maruti Suzuki's goods with local consumers, given its status as a premier vehicle manufacturer in India. The research examines factors like price sensitivity, fuel economy, after-sales service, brand impression, and product attributes. Data was gathered via surveys and interviews with an appropriate sample of automobile owners and potential buyers in the region. The results underscore the significance of price, dependability, and comprehensive service networks in influencing consumer preferences. The findings of this research provide substantial direction for Maruti Suzuki and other automotive stakeholders to tailor their tactics to meet the demands and preferences of customers in semi-urban and urban areas like Tiruchirappalli.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Consumer, Motivation, Maruti cars, Analysis, Trust.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: Postmodern novels dismantle traditional ideas about social class and hierarchy through fragmented narratives, irony, metafiction, and cultural deconstruction. Rather than presenting class as a rigid economic category defined by wealth or occupation, postmodern authors reinterpret it as a dynamic and unstable construct influenced by ideology, globalization, technology, and the politics of representation. The fluidity of class in postmodern fiction reflects the dissolution of grand narratives that once sustained social hierarchies. Writers such as Don DeLillo, Margaret Atwood, Salman Rushdie, and Arundhati Roy interrogate class boundaries by situating their characters within shifting global networks of capital, media, and cultural production. Through postmodern techniques--such as intertextuality, parody, non-linear structure, and unreliable narration--these authors challenge conventional depictions of economic disparity and privilege. This paper examines how these narratives foreground the interplay between social class, race, gender, and globalization, showing that identity and status are increasingly mediated through consumer culture and symbolic capital rather than traditional economic systems. In DeLillo's White Noise, for instance, middle-class anxieties are refracted through media saturation and consumerism; Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale reimagines class through gendered labour and reproductive control; Rushdie's Midnight's Children fuses postcolonial history with class mobility; and Roy's The God of Small Things exposes the intersections of caste, class, and colonial legacy in postmodern India. Collectively, these works demonstrate that social class in postmodern fiction is not a static determinant but a discursive site where power, identity, and resistance continually interact. Thus, the postmodern novel becomes a cultural mirror reflecting the instability of late-capitalist societies and the erosion of clear class boundaries in an age defined by global interconnection and ideological multiplicity.

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Keywords: Social Class, Postmodernism, Capitalism, Globalization, Identity, Representation etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Today in our digitally driven world, maintaining reliable and swift interactions among individuals and software programs has become increasingly crucial. The JSON Web Token (JWT) has become an extensively utilized technique for managing authentication and access control within contemporary internet applications. This document investigates the role that JWT plays in shaping interactions between users and software programs, focusing on aspects such as session handling, data protection, and overall usability. Analyzing practical scenarios reveals how JSON Web Tokens improve system efficiency via lightweight authentication methods while impacting scalability and shaping app architecture effectively. Furthermore, our discussion encompasses typical issues like token expiry, data management, and security threats, seeking insights into their advantages alongside possible disadvantages. This study underscores how JWT significantly influences creating robust and smooth interactions for users within contemporary software environments.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

JSON Web Token, Authentication, Access Control, Security, Session Management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The international transition to renewable energy is a critical response to soften the blow of climate change. As countries around the world commit to a net-zero emission, challenges emerge in the domains of economics, technology, politics and social life. This research paper explores international perspectives on energy transitions, its causes/consequences and various possible course actions.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Climate change, Paris agreement, renewable energy, carbon dioxide , earth, atmosphere, clean energy, government, climate policies, environment

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition