IJCRT Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journal as Per New UGC Rules.
ISSN Approved Journal No: 2320-2882 | Impact factor: 7.97 | ESTD Year: 2013
Scholarly open access journals, Peer-reviewed, and Refereed Journals, Impact factor 7.97 (Calculate by google scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool) , Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Indexing in all major database & Metadata, Citation Generator, Digital Object Identifier(CrossRef DOI)
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Paper Title: Correlation Between Eye-Hand Coordination and Reaction Time in Geriatric Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Author Name(s): Reeya Patel, Priyanka Jadhav, Dipti Kadam
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2510381
Register Paper ID - 295113
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2510381 and DOI : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i10.295113
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 411 018 , Pune, 411 018 , | Research Area: Health Science All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2510381 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2510381 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2510381.pdf
Title: CORRELATION BETWEEN EYE-HAND COORDINATION AND REACTION TIME IN GERIATRIC POPULATION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i10.295113
Pubished in Volume: 13 | Issue: 10 | Year: October 2025
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Health Science All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 13
Issue: 10
Pages: d191-d195
Year: October 2025
Downloads: 68
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Background: Age-related declines in sensory, motor, and cognitive domains adversely affect daily functioning in older adults. Eye-hand coordination and reaction time, both vital to independence and mobility, deteriorate with aging, potentially predisposing individuals to disability, accidents, and reduced quality of life. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between eye-hand coordination and reaction time in the geriatric population using standardized assessment tools. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 80 community-dwelling older adults aged 60-69 years, recruited through purposive sampling. Eye-hand coordination was assessed using the Beery Visual Perception (VP) scale, whereas reaction time was measured through the Deary-Liewald Reaction Time (DLRT) task administered via the CogniFit application. Participants meeting independence and cognitive orientation criteria were included. Pearson's correlation coefficient was applied to analyze the association between the two variables using SPSS v.27. Results: The sample included 52 males (65%) and 28 females (35%). Findings revealed that a majority of participants scored low on eye-hand coordination (74%) and exhibited slow reaction times (65%). Pearson analysis demonstrated a significant negative correlation between eye-hand coordination and reaction time (r = -0.675, p < 0.001), indicating that slower responses were associated with reduced coordination capacity. Conclusion: The study provides evidence that age-related motor and cognitive decline jointly deteriorate eye-hand coordination and reaction time in older adults. These impairments negatively affect independence, safety, and quality of life. Incorporating physical activity, cognitive training, and early screening into geriatric health strategies may help mitigate these challenges.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Eye-Hand Coordination; Reaction Time; Aging; Gerontology; Cognitive Decline; Psychomotor Performance
Paper Title: Drivers of Bilateral Renewable Energy Trade: Evidence from India-UAE Relations
Author Name(s): Anukrati Singh, Dr. Madhu Bhatia, Prof RK Maheshwari
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2510380
Register Paper ID - 294978
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2510380 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 226016 , LUCKNOW, 226016 , | Research Area: Commerce All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2510380 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2510380 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2510380.pdf
Title: DRIVERS OF BILATERAL RENEWABLE ENERGY TRADE: EVIDENCE FROM INDIA-UAE RELATIONS
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 13 | Issue: 10 | Year: October 2025
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Commerce All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 13
Issue: 10
Pages: d176-d190
Year: October 2025
Downloads: 54
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
This study explores the bilateral trade dynamics in renewable energy between India and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), focusing on its role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly clean energy access and climate action. Both countries have made significant progress in renewable energy, driven by supportive policies, technological advancements, and global sustainability commitments. This research investigates the key factors influencing renewable energy trade, including economic growth, renewable energy capacity, trade facilitation measures, and international agreements that shape bilateral trade flows. The period from 2019 to 2024 has seen significant global disruptions, policy shifts, and technological innovations, impacting trade relations. This study utilizes econometric analysis to assess the relationship between the aforementioned variables and renewable energy trade between India and the UAE. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders to strengthen renewable energy cooperation, promote technological innovation, and support the transition to sustainable energy, aligning with India's Vision Viksit Bharat@2047.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Bilateral trade, renewable energy, India-UAE relations, Sustainable Development Goals, Viksit Bharat@2047, policy shifts.
Paper Title: Assistive Smart Glove Integrating Physiological Monitoring and Gesture Communication for Down Syndrome Care
Author Name(s): V Maria Sushmitha, Sahana R, Suchithra M, Shreyas S M, Jagannath B R
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2510379
Register Paper ID - 295002
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2510379 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 570028 , Mysuru, 570028 , | Research Area: Science and Technology Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2510379 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2510379 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2510379.pdf
Title: ASSISTIVE SMART GLOVE INTEGRATING PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITORING AND GESTURE COMMUNICATION FOR DOWN SYNDROME CARE
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 13 | Issue: 10 | Year: October 2025
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Science and Technology
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 13
Issue: 10
Pages: d172-d175
Year: October 2025
Downloads: 55
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
The Internet of Things(IoT) is revolutionizing the healthcare sector, linking better, faster solutions in a fast-evolving and fast-paced era. The following paper illustrates the design and assessment of a Smart Glove Monitoring System for individuals with Down syndrome. The wearable system combines various sensors such as flex sensors, heartbeat and SpO? modules, GPS, and fall detection to ensure ongoing health monitoring and gesture-based interaction. Through the use of IoT through NodeMCU, the system sends real-time health and location information to a cloud platform, enabling caregivers to monitor and react quickly in emergency situations. The glove also has pre-recorded voice reminders triggered by finger gestures, which enable the non-verbal users to communicate simple needs. Experimental results show smooth heart rate and oxygen saturation monitoring, precise gesture recognition within five seconds, and effective GPS tracking in open spaces. Even though indoor GPS accuracy and fall detection dependability need enhancement, the system shows great promise as a low-cost assistive technology improving safety, autonomy, and caregiver assistance for individuals with Down syndrome.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Paper Title: Intersectionality of Disability and Gender in Mahesh Dattani’s Tara
Author Name(s): Dr. Nancy Lalhlimpuii, Lalrinpuii Rokhum, Jennifer L. Pachuau
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2510378
Register Paper ID - 295049
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2510378 and DOI : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i10.295049
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 796001 , Aizawl, 796001 , | Research Area: Medical Science All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2510378 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2510378 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2510378.pdf
Title: INTERSECTIONALITY OF DISABILITY AND GENDER IN MAHESH DATTANI’S TARA
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i10.295049
Pubished in Volume: 13 | Issue: 10 | Year: October 2025
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Medical Science All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 13
Issue: 10
Pages: d167-d171
Year: October 2025
Downloads: 72
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Offering an indepth examination of Mahesh Dattani's Tara (1990), this paper explores how the play depicts the intersections of gender and disability in modern India. At its centre are twins Tara and Chandan, surgically separated shortly after birth; their family's decision to attach the third leg to the boy underscores persistent patriarchal son preference. Grounding the analysis in intersectionality--an analytic framework devised by Black feminist scholars to study the interplay of identities such as gender, race, class and disability, the study contends that the play indicts patriarchal norms and ableist perceptions. Recognising this approach is crucial because early feminist discourse often neglected disability; through his portrayal of a disabled girl, Dattani demonstrates how interlocking oppressions intensify disadvantage. The narrative also draws on the social model of disability, revealing that impairment arises from social responses rather than inherent limitations. Tara endures dual discrimination as a woman and a disabled person, yet she declares her own worth and meets derision with sharp wit. Her resilience underscores the presence of agency in hostile environments. The discussion locates the play within the Indian socioeconomic milieu, where disability intersects with class and caste and underscores Dattani's critique of customs that privilege male, able bodies. By integrating insights from intersectional feminism and disability studies, the paper argues that Tara functions as more than a domestic tragedy; it becomes a plea for dismantling patriarchal and ableist structures and for affirming the humanity of disabled women. The drama continues to resonate with contemporary debates on gender equity, disability rights and social inclusion, demonstrating the capacity of theatre to stimulate reflection and inspire change.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
intersectionality; gender; disability; Indian theatre; Mahesh Dattani
Paper Title: AI-Based Smart Job Recommendation System using LLM-Powered Resume Summarization and Vector Embedding Search
Author Name(s): Neha.J. Pal, Achala. R. Pal, Prof . Kinjal Doshi
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2510377
Register Paper ID - 295036
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2510377 and DOI : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i10.295036
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 400097 , Mumbai, 400097 , | Research Area: Science and Technology Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2510377 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2510377 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2510377.pdf
Title: AI-BASED SMART JOB RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM USING LLM-POWERED RESUME SUMMARIZATION AND VECTOR EMBEDDING SEARCH
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i10.295036
Pubished in Volume: 13 | Issue: 10 | Year: October 2025
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Science and Technology
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 13
Issue: 10
Pages: d159-d166
Year: October 2025
Downloads: 76
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
The drawbacks of traditional job recommendation systems built upon static keyword matching have created a need for more intelligent and adaptive recruitment processes. In this paper, we introduce a novel AI job recommendation framework utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) to summarize resumes and identify skills gaps. Our method allows the automatic identification of candidate information and dynamically determines the fit between a candidate's resume and the skills needed for a job role by analyzing the user's own skills and the job requirements. Further, we are able to provide quick and transparent recommendations with vector similarity search technology-backed databases. The well over half of respondents in our study expressed excitement about summarizing resumes and analyzing skills using AI, demonstrating the potential of this system to assist in recruitment by providing easy-to-understand, timely, and personalized recommendations, without the need for human intervention.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
AI-Based Job Recommendation, Large Language Models, Resume Summarization, Skill Gap Detection, Vector Similarity Search, Explainability, Personalized Recruitment, Real-Time Recommendation, Scalable Database, Candidate Profiling, Recruitment Automation, Natural Language Understanding.
Paper Title: On Resolving -Set Domination in Graphs
Author Name(s): Dr.P Solairani, Ms.V.Archana
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2510376
Register Paper ID - 294047
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2510376 and DOI : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i10.294047
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 641002 , Coimbatore , 641002 , | Research Area: Mathematics All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2510376 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2510376 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2510376.pdf
Title: ON RESOLVING -SET DOMINATION IN GRAPHS
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i10.294047
Pubished in Volume: 13 | Issue: 10 | Year: October 2025
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Mathematics All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 13
Issue: 10
Pages: d154-d158
Year: October 2025
Downloads: 71
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
A Resolving Set R?V is called Resolving Dominating Set of a connected graph "G" if every node in R^'(i.e V-R)is adjacent to some other node in R. A Resolving Dominating Set is called Resolving-Set Dominating set (R-SD set) if every set U^'?R^' there exists a non-empty set Z?R such that the subgraph of ?U^'?Z?is connected in "G" .The Resolving -Set Domination number ?_RSD ("G") is the minimum cardinality of overall Resolving -Set Dominating set in G. In this research paper, we introduce this parameter to some standard graphs and existing of bounds of the graph.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Resolving Set, Resolving Dominating Set, Resolving -Set Dominating set, Resolving -Set Domination number, Graphs.
Paper Title: A SOCIO LEGAL STUDY EXAMINING THE PROTECTION OF WOMEN FROM DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN THE STATE OF MIZORAM
Author Name(s): JH Lalnuntluangi, Dr. Pranshul Pathak
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2510375
Register Paper ID - 294786
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2510375 and DOI : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i10.294786
Author Country : Indian Author, India, - , -, - , | Research Area: Science and Technology Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2510375 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2510375 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2510375.pdf
Title: A SOCIO LEGAL STUDY EXAMINING THE PROTECTION OF WOMEN FROM DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN THE STATE OF MIZORAM
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) : https://doi.org/10.56975/ijcrt.v13i10.294786
Pubished in Volume: 13 | Issue: 10 | Year: October 2025
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Science and Technology
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 13
Issue: 10
Pages: d146-d153
Year: October 2025
Downloads: 65
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Throughout history, the feminine gender has been recognized as the cornerstone of both families and society as a whole. Women play a pivotal role in pro-creating, nurturing shaping their families and transmitting their tradition and cultures across generations, thereby strengthening their families. Regrettably, women have faced numerous instances of grave injustice at all levels, regardless of their age, community and racial background. This situation persists due to pre- dominantly patriarchal nature of the Indian culture, where women often remain silent about their suffering either accepting them as a part of their lives or being reluctant to complain. This makes them vulnerable to exploitation. Regardless of their territorial boundaries, cultural background, or educational status, individual may encounter varying degrees of violence. A report by the United Nations Organization reveals that women constitute nearly half of the world's population, yet their work accounts for two third of the global workforce. However, they receive only one- tenth of the world's income and their ownership of property is less than a hundred percent of the world's total. Consequently, women are victims of various forms of inequality and discrimination. In response to these challenges The Legislature have enacted numerous laws to ensure women's due place and share in the society. Nevertheless, millions of women remain ignorant or unable to fully exercise their rights and freedoms which are legally guaranteed. It is imperative that these legal enactments should not be merely symbolic. The significance of the study is that there has been a significant increase in the official reported number of crimes against women, particularly wives in marital households in India. Violence against women is not a novel phenomenon and is prevalent across various socio- economic and age groups. Consequently, it appears to be an inherent aspect of human lives. In India, particularly over the past three decades, there has been a pronounced response to such escalating instances of violence against women by advocating for legislative actions. While our Constitution guarantees the Rights of Education to women (Article 14 and 15) and article 21 upholds the human dignity for both men and women, the complete protection of women from exploitation and harassment cannot be guaranteed. Consequently, the researcher had delineated the following objectives for the study: Analyze the evolution of women's status from the historic period to the present day. Identify the concept of domestic violence that led to the enactment of the Act. Critically examine the various enactments in India regarding domestic violence over time.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Women, domestic violence, Legislature, The Constitution of India, The United Nations.
Paper Title: Dreams are coloured: an Analysis of Racism underlying the American Dream
Author Name(s): Ujjal Das
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2510374
Register Paper ID - 295138
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2510374 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 721436 , Paschim Medinipur district, 721436 , | Research Area: Medical Science All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2510374 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2510374 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2510374.pdf
Title: DREAMS ARE COLOURED: AN ANALYSIS OF RACISM UNDERLYING THE AMERICAN DREAM
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 13 | Issue: 10 | Year: October 2025
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Medical Science All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 13
Issue: 10
Pages: d140-d145
Year: October 2025
Downloads: 50
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Dream is a psychological act that is made of desires and experiences, and is usually associated with individual subjective consciousness. Technically the occurrence of dream is in sleep, but often people dream even when they are awake. These dreams are more like an accumulation of hopes and wishes. Fulfilment of such hopes and wishes is very much dependent upon the socio-economic factors of reality. The conditions and degree of fulfilment of dreams are decided by the class and the race of the people who dream. I wish to say that in a society divided by racism dreams are colored, as the complexion of the skin, whether it is white or black, determines their fulfilment. To this purpose I have selected two major American plays, Lorraine Hansberry's A Raisin in the Sun and Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman, to show how the American Dream, a pivotal spirit in the economic advancement of America in the 20th Century, made the dream of prosperity of the black people more difficult than the backward section of the white people.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
American Dream, Coloured Dream, Dream, Racism, Capitalism, etc.
Paper Title: Silence and Memory in Ishiguro's Narratives
Author Name(s): SHRUTHI T C, Dr. VIJAY SHESHADRI
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2510373
Register Paper ID - 295163
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2510373 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 570026 , mysuru, 570026 , | Research Area: Languages Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2510373 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2510373 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2510373.pdf
Title: SILENCE AND MEMORY IN ISHIGURO'S NARRATIVES
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 13 | Issue: 10 | Year: October 2025
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Languages
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 13
Issue: 10
Pages: d133-d139
Year: October 2025
Downloads: 50
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
Kazuo Ishiguro's fiction presents a world of subdued emotions, fragmented recollections, and moral introspection. His characters inhabit spaces where silence speaks as profoundly as words and where memory serves as both refuge and burden. This article examines the complex relationship between Silence and Memory in two of Ishiguro's most significant novels A Pale View of Hills (1982) and The Buried Giant (2015). While the former explores the inner trauma and repressed guilt of an individual confronting personal loss, the latter expands these themes to collective memory and cultural amnesia in a post-war society. Through a study of Ishiguro's narrative silences, unreliable recollections, and ethical ambiguity, this paper argues that silence in his works is not absence but a form of communication that reflects the human struggle between remembering and forgetting. Ishiguro's fiction suggests that true peace, whether personal or collective, depends on how one negotiates between the necessity of memory and the mercy of silence.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Kazuo Ishiguro, Silence, Memory, Trauma, Forgetting, Identity, Collective Memory, Narrative Ethics
Paper Title: A Study of Servitude in Gurnah's Narratives
Author Name(s): Dr. R. Geetha, Nazhath Kawakaib
Published Paper ID: - IJCRT2510372
Register Paper ID - 294909
Publisher Journal Name: IJPUBLICATION, IJCRT
DOI Member ID: 10.6084/m9.doi.one.IJCRT2510372 and DOI :
Author Country : Indian Author, India, 560011 , Bengaluru, 560011 , | Research Area: Medical Science All Published Paper URL: http://ijcrt.org/viewfull.php?&p_id=IJCRT2510372 Published Paper PDF: download.php?file=IJCRT2510372 Published Paper PDF: http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2510372.pdf
Title: A STUDY OF SERVITUDE IN GURNAH'S NARRATIVES
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) :
Pubished in Volume: 13 | Issue: 10 | Year: October 2025
Publisher Name : IJCRT | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
Subject Area: Medical Science All
Author type: Indian Author
Pubished in Volume: 13
Issue: 10
Pages: d128-d132
Year: October 2025
Downloads: 49
E-ISSN Number: 2320-2882
This paper studies Precarious labour conditions in Abdulrazak Gurnah's Paradise and Gravel Heart through a critical engagement with Marxist and postcolonial theory. It analyzes how both novels portray the commodification of human labour under colonial and neoliberal systems, highlighting the emotional and existential toll on individuals subjected to invisible and systemic forms of servitude. Yusuf's role as a rehani in Paradise reveals how debt bondage functions within pre-capitalist yet structurally exploitative economies, while Salim's experiences as a racialized migrant in Gravel Heart expose the quiet violence of low-status labour in postcolonial Britain. The analysis draws on Karl Marx, Immanuel Wallerstein, and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak to elucidate the ideological mechanisms that normalize such labour exploitation and marginalization. Ultimately, the paper argues that Gurnah presents labour not merely as economic toil, but as a deeply embodied and identity-defining experience shaped by historical displacement, colonial legacy, and global capitalist systems.
Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0
Abdulrazak Gurnah, labour, rehani, working class, migrant

