Volume 13 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

Medical devices are integral to healthcare systems, providing essential diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive support. The European Union's transition from the Medical Device Directive (MDD) to the Medical Device Regulation (MDR) introduces stricter requirements for safety, performance, and clinical evidence. This manuscript examines the compliance pathway for the EUMDR and its implications for global manufacturers, particularly in maintaining the accessibility of medical devices. Key focus areas include safety and performance requirements, quality management systems, postmarket surveillance, postmarket clinical follow-up, and gap analysis. Strategies for manufacturers to preserve accessibility are discussed, emphasizing the importance of regulatory compliance as a continuous process. These findings highlight that timely adaptation to the EUMDR is crucial for safeguarding patient access to critical medical technologies.

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 Keywords

Medical Devices; EUMDR; Regulatory Compliance; Accessibility; Post-Market Surveillance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Reconstruction of mandibular defects remains one of the most challenging aspects of maxillofacial surgery. The introduction of microvascular free tissue transfer has transformed reconstructive outcomes, enabling restoration of both form and function with high success rates. Among the various donor options, the fibula, iliac crest, scapular, and radial forearm free flaps remain the primary workhorses in mandibular reconstruction. The evolution of digital technologies such as computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM), three-dimensional (3D) printing, and virtual surgical planning (VSP) has further refined precision and predictability. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth overview of the principles, techniques, flap selection, functional outcomes, complications, and recent technological advancements in free flap reconstruction of the mandible. The fibula flap remains the gold standard due to its versatility, reliability, and ability to support dental rehabilitation. Future directions include bioprinting and tissue-engineered vascularized constructs to further enhance reconstructive outcomes.

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 Keywords

Mandibular reconstruction, free flap, fibula flap, microvascular surgery, CAD/CAM, 3D printing, mandibular defects.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Educational institutions face major challenges due to fragmented administrative systems and manual processes, leading to inefficiency and data inconsistency. Campus360 is a web-based college management system developed to overcome these issues by integrating all academic and administrative functions into a single platform. Built using a modern three-tier architecture, it employs React.js for the presentation layer, Node.js and Firebase Functions for the application layer, and Cloud Firestore for the data layer. This ensures scalability, security, and efficiency. Campus360 reduces administrative workload, eliminates paper-based tasks, and establishes a unified digital ecosystem for students, faculty, and administrators.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

College Management System, Web Application, React.js, Firebase, Cloud Computing, Education Technology, Role Based Access Control, Academic Management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Legal education serves as a transformative force in advancing social justice and empowerment, particularly among marginalized communities such as India's tribal population. This study examines the evolving role of legal education in bridging the socio-economic and cultural disparities that persist among Scheduled Tribes. By promoting legal literacy, awareness, and access to justice, legal education functions as a critical mechanism for social upliftment and inclusive development. The research explores how legal empowerment initiatives such as Clinical Legal Education (CLE), community outreach programs, and citizenship education enable tribal populations to assert their rights, engage in governance, and challenge systemic inequalities. It also investigates the challenges faced in integrating culturally relevant curricula, addressing linguistic and infrastructural barriers, and implementing technology-driven legal education in remote tribal regions. The study highlights the importance of aligning legal education with the goals of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 to foster interdisciplinary learning and social engagement. Furthermore, it emphasizes that strengthening legal frameworks and institutional accountability is essential for ensuring justice, equity, and human dignity. Ultimately, the research underscores that legal education is not merely a professional pursuit but a vital instrument for social transformation, empowering tribal communities to participate actively in democratic processes and achieve sustainable development.

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 Keywords

Legal Education, Social Upliftment, Tribal Communities, Access to Justice, Legal Empowerment, Human Rights

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Kerala is a promising hub of green finance initiatives. State's rich biodiversity combined by its immense potential in sustainable tourism and increasing focus on blue economy, itself is a call for green finance to act as a catalyst for the sustainable development. State's vulnerability to climate changes resulting in extreme weather conditions has further made green finance crucial for building a resilient economy. This chapter aims at assessing role of green finance in bringing sustainability to key sectors of the state like tourism, agriculture and in using marine and coastal resources. Chapter also covers an overview of policy framework of the state in this regard. Altogether this chapter outlines role of green finance in promoting sustainability in development of the state

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Green Finance, Sustainable tourism, blue economy, Resilient Economy, Sustainability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cubosomes are innovative lipid based nanocarriers distinguished by their unique cubic crystalline structure, composed of bicontinuous lipid bilayers that form a three-dimensional network separating hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains. This architecture enables them to encapsulate a wide variety of bioactive compounds, including hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and amphiphilic molecules, making them highly versatile in controlled and targeted drug delivery. Their structural adaptability, biocompatibility, and thermodynamic stability give them a clear advantage over traditional carriers such as liposomes. Cubosomes can be synthesized using two main approaches: the top-down method, which involves mechanical dispersion of bulk cubic phases, and the bottom-up method, based on molecular self-assembly aided by hydrotropes. Glyceryl monooleate (GMO) and phytantriol (PHTY) are commonly used lipid matrices, while Pluronic F127 serves as a stabilizer to prevent aggregation. The drug release mechanism typically follows Higuchi's diffusion-controlled model, influenced by lipid composition, particle size, and drug characteristics. Theoretical models such as those by Fontell & Drew, Gustafson, and Schwarz Jacob Anderson explain cubic phase formation through molecular geometry and packing parameters. Due to their strong bio adhesion and high skin permeability, cubosomes are effective in topical and transdermal drug delivery, improving drug absorption and bypassing first-pass metabolism. Surface modification with polymers like chitosan further enhances their stability, targeting precision, and sustained release behaviour. Despite challenges such as high viscosity, limited hydrophilic drug loading, and scale-up difficulties, cubosomes hold significant promise as next-generation nanocarriers for cancer therapy, transdermal systems, and other biomedical applications.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cubosomes, Nanostructured lipid carriers, Drug delivery, Controlled release, Transdermal delivery, Biocompatibility, Phytantriol, Glyceryl monooleate

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study explores the concept and necessity of an urban ashram as a modern sanctuary within the city that reintroduces nature into the hectic lives of working individuals. The urban ashram offers a peaceful retreat fostering spiritual growth, mental well-being, and community connection by blending natural materials (water, stone, etc) and green elements (bamboo, vertical landscaping etc) into the interior space. It aims to create accessible spirituality and healing practices, making nature and inner peace integral to daily urban living. This research explores the concept of Inner Scape--a modern urban ashram designed to integrate spirituality and nature within city interiors. Drawing from literature on green spaces, urban spiritual centres, and the healing role of natural materials, the study emphasizes the importance of sustainable design using bamboo, terracotta, jute, hemp, and linen. The methodology includes user research, planning, material, and design visualization through, with a focus on creating inclusive spaces for meditation, yoga, healing, and community engagement. The proposed model demonstrates how biophilic design, natural light, and eco-friendly interiors can transform compact urban spaces into sanctuaries of peace and wellness.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Modern ashram, nature, spirituality, metropolitan city, diverse lifestyle, biophilic design

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background: Shushkarsha (internal hemorrhoids) is a common anorectal disorder impacting quality of life, often managed with various Ayurvedic formulations. Objective: To evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of Gomutra Haritaki and Guda Haritaki in managing 2nd degree internal hemorrhoids. Methods: Forty-four patients meeting inclusion criteria were randomized into two groups. Group A received Gomutra Haritaki (5 gm twice daily), and Group B received Guda Haritaki (5 gm twice daily) for 28 days. Efficacy was measured by symptom reduction using standardized assessment scales for pain, constipation, pile mass, dyspepsia, and pruritus. Results: Both treatments produced highly significant improvement in cardinal symptoms, with nearly identical efficacy on pain (87.8% vs 88.4%), complete resolution of constipation in both groups, and marked reduction of pile mass, dyspepsia, and pruritus. Conclusion: Both Gomutra Haritaki and Guda Haritaki are highly effective for 2nd degree internal hemorrhoids. Differences in overall improvement were minimal, suggesting comparable efficacy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Shushkarsha, internal hemorrhoids, Ayurveda, Gomutra Haritaki, Guda Haritaki

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This sociological study explores the profound impact of globalization on the surge of social media platforms contributing to the diversification of marriage forms within urban settings, specifically focusing on Lucknow city. Investigating the evolving dynamics of relationships facilitated by online platforms, the study explores the potential future developments of these relationships by looking at how social media, globalization, and marital trends interact, this study aims to provide valuable insights into the changing landscape of marriage in metropolitan areas, offering implications for societal development and future research directions. Digital media have significantly reduced the distance and isolation between countries; the world is now considered one community. The presented research paper also explains the opinions of young couples who meet through dating and matrimonial apps. This study is devoted to explaining the changes in relationships formed through offline and online mediums and how changing the medium of marriage affects marital problems after marriage.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Globalization, Online Marriage system, Gender, Religion, Tradition,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study looks at how the MoHuA, India, smart cities mission and other urban development initiatives affect the country's health and environment. The study assesses the challenges and deficiencies in tackling India's unique urban health and environmental issues, as well as the possible health and environmental consequences. In order to fill these gaps, the WHO, World Bank, and urban health specialists have established models that could be useful for initiatives in India, as the report further examines. The article's conclusion called for "descriptive urban health frameworks," as defined by urban health professionals, to address some of the issues raised by India'sSmartCitiesinitiatives.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

smart city, sustainable environment, health and environment, urban health frameworks, urban development, and urban health.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition