Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Libraries have always adopted new technologies to assist in their objective of providing clients with effective and efficient services, as well as timely access to needed information. Now a days Mobile technologies and its application are playing an increasingly vital role in phone age people. Devices such as like smart phones, tablets, and e-book readers connect users to the world immediately, Advancements in networking technologies made it possible for mobile devices and application to be used in the field of education and Library services. It will be very easy access to information via mobile etc. It will also be effective and economic. Such technologies can have a great impact on learning by providing a rich, collaborative and conversational experience for Library. The development of mobile technology has resulted in shifting the academic environment from traditional to mobile learning settings. This paper describes mobile technology applications in library & Information services. Finally it conceives the future of mobile library technology.

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 Keywords

Mobile Technology, Electronic Resources, Mobile Services, Tablets, Smart Phone

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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subscapularis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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weight training, combined weight and plyometric training, strength endurance and body mass index.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) remain two of the most significant chronic health challenges worldwide, often occurring together and amplifying each other's impact. Diabetes--especially type 2 DM--greatly increases the likelihood of developing CVD due to persistent high blood glucose levels, impaired insulin activity, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial injury, and abnormal lipid metabolism. These pathophysiological changes accelerate atherosclerosis, reduce vascular elasticity, and impair overall cardiac function. People living with diabetes face a markedly higher risk of coronary artery disease, heart failure, and cerebrovascular events compared to the general population. The interaction between CVD and DM is complex and reciprocal; diabetes predisposes individuals to cardiovascular complications, while ongoing cardiovascular stress can further deteriorate metabolic control. Early screening for cardiovascular risk indicators such as HbA1c, lipid abnormalities, inflammatory markers, and early signs of arterial damage is essential for prevention and timely treatment. Optimal management relies on lifestyle modification, improved glycaemic control, blood pressure regulation, and lipid-lowering therapy. Newer antidiabetic agents, such as SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists, offer additional cardioprotective advantages. A deeper understanding of the biological links between diabetes and cardiovascular disorders is vital to developing integrated and effective therapeutic strategies.

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 Keywords

Cardiovascular disease, Diabetes mellitus, Atherosclerosis, Insulin resistance, Endothelial injury, Chronic hyperglycaemia.

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 Abstract

A comparatively small but important group of plants known for their exceptional adaptations to wetland ecosystems and unique morphological characteristics makes up the genus Caesulia, which belongs to the Asteraceae family. Native to tropical Asia, including India, Bangladesh and Nepal. Caesulia axillaris is one of the best-known species in its genus. It is well-known for its structural adaptations and ecological importance. Furthermore, its cultural significance is highlighted by its historical usage in medicine, where different plant components have been used for generations to cure a variety of ailments. Recent scientific research has discovered a wide range of bioactive molecules in C. axillaris, which contribute to its pharmacological effects. The physical features, bioactive components and therapeutic benefits of C. axillaris are comprehensively covered in this review. It highlights the plant's capability as a valuable source of medicine and emphasizes the need for further investigation to fully comprehend its therapeutic benefits.

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Caesulia axillaris, Asteraceae, Wetland adaptations, Bioactive compounds, Pharmacological activities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In an age increasingly governed by technological rationality and economic efficiency, Arts and Humanities are often questioned for their relevance and practical value. This paper argues that such an assessment fundamentally misunderstands the nature of knowledge and the role of education in human society. Arts and Humanities represent interpretive, ethical, and cultural modes of inquiry that are indispensable for understanding human experience, social change, and moral responsibility. By examining their conceptual foundations, historical evolution, epistemological orientation, and contemporary relevance, this article seeks to reaffirm the centrality of Arts and Humanities in postgraduate education and research. The study contends that sustainable and humane progress depends not merely on technical expertise, but on critical reflection, cultural awareness, and ethical judgment--capacities cultivated through Arts and Humanities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Arts and Humanities, Human Values, Critical Inquiry, Culture, Higher Education, Ethics

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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According to Engel's law, although total food spending may increase, the percentage of household income spent on food decreases. Using data on household consumption expenditures, this study investigates the applicability of Engel's law in the Indian setting. The study examines the relationship between total spending and food consumption across various income levels using regression analysis on NSS survey data. The results support Engel's hypothesis by confirming that households with higher incomes spend less on food. Furthermore, structural changes in consuming behaviour are highlighted by differences in spending patterns between the rural and urban sectors. The study sheds light on the changing demand for food and how it affects market dynamics and economic policy. In this paper, we aim to investigate whether the same relationship holds for rural and urban India across Indian States in 2023-24. In fact, the recent Survey on Household Consumption Expenditure (2023-24) made it possible to look into this issue. Thus, this study is based on both time series and cross-section analysis for finding out the relationship between the changes in share of monthly consumption expenditure on food items and the changes in Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE) in rural and urban areas across the major Indian States over time. This analysis focuses on both rural and urban areas across 18 major Indian states, namely Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Bihar, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Telangana and West Bengal, taking into account their diverse socio-economic and cultural contexts.

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Engel's Law, MPCE, Household Consumption Expenditure, Food Expenditure, Cross-section analysis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Timetable scheduling is a complex and time-consuming task in educational institutions due to numerous constraints such as faculty availability, classroom capacity, course requirements, and unforeseen real-time changes. Traditional manual and rule-based scheduling systems often lead to conflicts, limited flexibility, and suboptimal utilization of resources. To address these challenges, this research proposes an AI-driven dynamic timetable scheduling system that intelligently generates, evaluates, and updates schedules using a hybrid Artificial Intelligence approach. The proposed system integrates Genetic Algorithms (GA) for optimal initial timetable generation, Reinforcement Learning (RL) for adaptive real-time adjustments, and Machine Learning (ML) models for conflict prediction based on historical scheduling data. A constraint analysis module ensures compliance with both hard and soft constraints, while a web-based interactive interface developed using Streamlit enables efficient visualization and manual intervention when required. Additionally, a continuous feedback mechanism allows administrators to refine scheduling preferences, enabling the system to improve performance over time. This AI-based approach significantly enhances scheduling accuracy, minimizes conflicts, and improves overall resource utilization. The system supports multi-objective optimization by balancing faculty workload, classroom allocation, and student convenience, while dynamically adapting to changes such as faculty unavailability or infrastructure updates. The proposed solution offers a practical, scalable, and intelligent timetable management framework suitable for educational and organizational environments, demonstrating the effectiveness of hybrid AI techniques in overcoming the limitations of static scheduling models.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Timetable Scheduling, Genetic Algorithm, Reinforcement Learning, Machine Learning, Constraint Optimization, Dynamic Scheduling, Educational Institutions, Resource Management, Automated Scheduling

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In contemporary B2B industrial markets, especially within the chemical manufacturing and export sector, the ability to identify and contact the correct organizational decision makers plays a pivotal role in sales effectiveness and international business expansion. Empirical studies indicate that nearly 55-65% of B2B sales leads fail due to inaccurate, outdated, or irrelevant contact data, while organizations using verified decision maker intelligence report improvements of 30-40% in lead to conversion ratios. This research paper presents an in depth, practice oriented study based on a Market Research Project conducted at Indenta Chemicals India Pvt. Ltd., a globally active chemical manufacturer and exporter. The study documents a systematic, multi stage process adopted to identify, verify, and validate contact details of key decision makers namely Procurement Managers, Purchase Managers, and Managing Directors using a combination of B2B directories and advanced online intelligence tools. Further, the paper evaluates the reliability of these tools through internal sales team feedback and proposes a structured, replicable decision maker identification and verification model for B2B organizations. The findings contribute practical insights for market researchers, sales strategists, and export managers operating in industrial markets.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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B2B Market Research, Decision Maker Identification, Contact Verification, Sales Intelligence, Chemical Industry

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a transformative shift in India's education system by giving a strong emphasis on integrating vocational education into mainstream educational institutions in a phased manner. The purpose of this study is to examine the key recommendations of NEP 2020 on vocational education and to explore the opportunities and potential benefits created by NEP 2020 for students and teachers. The paper discusses key recommendations of NEP 2020 on vocational education, including early-stage integration, no rigid boundaries between academic and vocational streams, fostering industry collaboration, establishment of National Committee for the Integration of Vocational Education (NCIVE), promotion of Lok Vidya etc. The policy highlights the opportunities like skill development, employability, entrepreneurial skills, flexible learning pathways, career awareness for students, while also outlines professional growth, innovative teaching strategies, industry exposure, skill upgradation and continuous learning for teachers. Bridging the gap between education and employment as well as theory and practice, the policy aims to prepare students for the dynamic demands of the 21st-century workforce while fostering holistic development and lifelong learning.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Vocational Education, NEP 2020, Skill Development, Flexible Learning Pathways, Industry Exposure

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition