Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

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Melanoma; Mouth Neoplasms; Students, Dental; Clinical Competence; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice.

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Speaking skill is a vital component of English language proficiency, particularly for ESL learners in academic and professional contexts. However, many learners face challenges such as lack of confidence, limited vocabulary, fear of errors, and minimal real-life communication opportunities. Role-play and simulation activities have emerged as effective pedagogical tools to address these challenges by providing learners with meaningful, interactive, and contextualized speaking experiences. This paper explores the role of role-play and simulations in enhancing speaking skills among ESL learners. Using a descriptive and analytical approach, the study examines the theoretical foundations, pedagogical benefits, challenges, and classroom applications of these techniques. The findings indicate that role-play and simulations significantly improve learners' fluency, confidence, pronunciation, and communicative competence, making them valuable strategies in English language teaching.

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Speaking skills, Role-play, Simulations, English Language Teaching (ELT), Communicative competence

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This analytical paper examines the crucial role of architectural and urban design interventions specifically, the creation of robust utilitarian and recreational walkability spaces in fostering cultural development among elderly citizens residing in low-density suburban environments. Traditional suburban planning often privileges automobile dependency, leading to social isolation and diminished public culture for non-driving elderly populations. Drawing upon principles of age-friendly design and social capital theory, this research argues that the strategic integration of accessible infrastructure (utilitarian walkability) and designed gathering points (recreational walkability) serves as a profound catalyst for the emergence of unique local community identities, shared narratives, and enhanced civic engagement. The analysis focuses on how spatial syntax and material design can transcend simple mobility goals to facilitate essential, predictable social encounters, ultimately transforming static suburban landscapes into dynamic, age-inclusive cultural ecosystems.

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This analytical paper examines the crucial role of architectural and urban design interventions specifically, the creation of robust utilitarian and recreational walkability spaces in fostering cultural development among elderly citizens residing in low-density suburban environments. Traditional suburban planning often privileges automobile dependency, leading to social isolation and diminished public culture for non-driving elderly populations. Drawing upon principles of age-friendly design and

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Tripura is known as the land of tribes or 'Tribal Land'. Apart from being bestowed with natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and traditional/religious practices of various communities, the state is home to 19 categories of Tripura tribes.

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Tripura's culture

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Yellow Ochre is naturally occurring Fe rich mineralwith major constituent of hydrated iron oxide. It is seen in several locations especially in villages of Muddanur, Vemula and Obulavaripalli mandals of YSRdistrict. The area of study falls within Cuddapah basin composed of Cuddapah supergroup rocks. The presentinvestigation deals with source identification, geochemistryusing ICP-MS and spatial analysis of Yellow Ochre through Landsat 8LlIsupported with field observations and by preparing data sets such as geology, geomorphology maps. The study revealed that the Yellow Ochre deposits in the study area are confined to structural hills which are comprising of shales of Tadipatriformation and Cumbum formationand quarztitesGandikota formation of Cuddapah Supergroup and falls withinthe Vemula mandal followed by Obulavaripalle and Muddanurmandals of YSR District. The yellow ochre is observed to have enriched Fe2O3percentages than the other rocks in the succession.

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Yellow Ochre, Geochemistry, Geology, Geomorphology, ICP-MS, Landsat8LlI and YSR District.

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Pratishyaya is a commonly described disease entity in Ayurvedic classics, occurring in various pathological contexts and primarily involving the Nasavaha and Pr??avaha Srotas. Rhinitis is one of the most frequent upper respiratory conditions in children, with a global prevalence ranging from 10-30% and approximately 20-30% in India. Upper respiratory tract infections contribute significantly to morbidity in the paediatric age group, particularly among school-aged children. Although nasal discharge and sneezing act as protective mechanisms to expel irritants, persistence of symptoms such as nasal obstruction, thick nasal discharge, and heaviness of head can adversely affect a child's health, sleep, and quality of life. Ayurvedic management of Pratishyaya includes Nidana Parivarjana, Sodhana, and Samana Chikitsa. In paediatric practice, Samana Chikitsa is preferred due to its safety, palatability, and better compliance. A 8-year-old South Indian Hindu male child presented with complaints of continuous headache, nasal obstruction for 4 days, associated with nasal discharge, throat irritation, sneezing since past 2 days. Based on clinical features, the condition was diagnosed as Kaphaja Pratishyaya. Trikatu Choor?a was administered with guda for a duration of seven days, and the patient was followed up on the 14th day. Marked improvement was observed in nasal discharge, nasal patency, and associated symptoms. The formulation was well tolerated, safe, and effective, with no adverse effects noted. This case highlights the potential role of Trikatu Chur?a as an effective and child-friendly Samana therapy in the management of Kaphaja Pratishyaya in the paediatric age group.

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Pratishyaya, Kaphaja Pratishyaya, Triaktu choorna

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Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that requires effective self-care practices to prevent complications and improve quality of life. This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of a structured teaching programme (STP) on knowledge and attitude regarding self-care among patients with diabetes mellitus at a selected hospital in Tumkur. The study was undertaken in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nursing at Aruna College of Nursing, Tumkur. The objectives of the study were: 1. To assess the level of knowledge regarding self-care among patients with diabetes mellitus. 2. To assess the attitude towards self-care among patients with diabetes mellitus. 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of a structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding self-care among patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: A quasi-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised patients with diabetes mellitus aged between 35 and 64 years. A sample of 60 diabetic patients attending the outpatient department of a selected hospital in Tumkur was selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire and an attitude scale. The pre-test was conducted, followed by the administration of the structured teaching programme on the same day. The post-test was conducted one week after the pre-test using the same tools. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: In the pre-test, 51 (85%) patients had inadequate knowledge and 9 (15%) had moderately adequate knowledge regarding self-care. Regarding attitude, 55 (91.7%) patients had an inadequate attitude and 5 (8.3%) had an adequate attitude towards self-care. In the post-test, 56 (93%) patients demonstrated adequate knowledge and 4 (7%) showed moderately adequate knowledge. Post-test attitude assessment revealed that 45 (75%) patients had an adequate attitude, while 15 (25%) had a moderately adequate attitude towards self-care activities. The paired t test indicated that the structured teaching programme was statistically significant in improving knowledge and attitude at the p < 0.001 level. The chi-square test showed a significant association (p < 0.05) between post-test knowledge and marital status, and between post-test attitude and family monthly income. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed a significant improvement in both knowledge and attitude regarding self-care among patients with diabetes mellitus after the administration of the structured teaching programme. The study concludes that structured teaching programmes are effective in enhancing self-care knowledge and attitude among diabetic patients and can be used as an important educational intervention in clinical settings.

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Diabetes mellitus; self-care activities; knowledge; attitude; structured teaching programme; diabetic patients.

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Effective organization asset management enhances operational accuracy and accountability. Most institutions still rely on manual means, like spreadsheets and registers, to track assets. This often results in dissonance in data, loss of assets, and time-consuming audits. The following paper discusses an AI-powered Asset Tracking Agent proposed to automate and also simplify Enterprise Asset Management. This proposed system will be integrating a FastAPI-based backend, SQLite database, and an agentic AI layer using Google Gemini so as to enable natural language interaction. Users can add, assign, update, and retrieve asset information through conversational queries without technical complexity. In a structured development methodology, the paper includes requirement analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. Experimental evaluation shows improved accuracy, real-time visibility, reduced manual workload, and efficient audit readiness compared to traditional asset tracking approaches. The proposed solution offers an intelligent framework that is scalable for managing the complete lifecycle of corporate assets.

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Asset Management, Agentic AI, FastAPI, Natural Language Processing, Enterprise Automation, Artificial Intelligence

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India's digital payments are rapidly growing by UPI Aadhaar enabled payments systems and more ways in financial transaction's literacy may constrain safe, sustained use among millennials (born in between 1981-1996). We are using most of primary data and also recent secondary data in this paper such as using habits of digital payment uptake and synthesizes evidence on financial literacy levels and proposes and tests a theory driven framework using to literacy to adoption and quality of use for the security practices, budgeting techniques. We also collect Global Findex indicators, RBI Digital Payments Index (RBI-DPI), NPCI UPI statistics, OECD/INFE literacy to measures Indian literacy surveys. We find strong usages of UPI more than 19.4 billion transactions in July 2025 which shows modest average literacy about 27% adults financially literate, we are also suggesting a usage understanding in millennials and gap between those who are not using the digital payments. We propose hypotheses and outline a survey design to estimate effects of knowledge, digital financial literacy and trust on intention and behaviours, with implications for product design and policy.

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digital payments, UPI, millennials, financial literacy, digital financial literac

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