Volume 6 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Addressing development deficits requires comprehensive and targeted interventions aimed at improving infrastructure, expanding access to education and healthcare, promoting inclusive economic growth, enhancing social protection systems, and fostering sustainable environmental practices. Governments, international organizations, civil society, and the private sector all play crucial roles in tackling development deficits and promoting equitable and sustainable development. Kalaburagi and Raichur are districts located in the state of Karnataka, India. These districts have historically faced several development deficits, impacting their overall human development indicators. Addressing the development deficits in Kalaburagi and Raichur requires a multi-faceted approach that combines economic, social, and infrastructural interventions, along with strong governance and community participation.

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 Keywords

Development, Deficit, Hyderabad-Karnataka, Kalaburagi, Raichur

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 Abstract

Assamese drama started with Sankardeva's 'Ankiya Naat' in the 15th century. In order to reform the society of his time, Sankardeva propagated Neo-Vaisnavism bhakti cult and to pass the essence of his bhakti cult to the common people Sankardeva composed many Kavyas. Sankardeva presented his Kavyas in a kind of drama built on classical concept fusing music, dance and dialogue together which later styled as Ankiya Naat. A study of the Ankiya Naats of Mahapurush Sankardeva and Madhavdeva reveals that there is much influence of Sanskrit plays on the Nakiya Naats composed by the Mahapurusha. There are much similarities between Ankiya Naat and Sanskrit Plays. We can see this similarity in the prologues of Sanskrit dramas and the Ankiya Naat. This influence of Sanskrit plays is also felt in the Ankiya Naat while performing Nandi and singing by the Sutradhara (after the prologue) and also on his adoration songs, as well as in the 'Muktimangalan' performed at the end of the Naat. In this paper a sincere attempt has been made to discuss the significant features and the influence of Sanskrit Plays in Ankiya Naat of Sankardeva

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 Keywords

Ankiya Naat, Theatre, Neo-Vaisnvism, Bhaona, Bhakti, Sanskrit

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mahabharatha talks about the need for establishing Dharmarajya by over powering Adharma which is important to maintain natural life on earth. The concept of Dharmarajya is almost equivalent to present day good governance and Swarajya. Like Ramayana, the Mahabharatha has also been a source of spiritual strength of Indian society. The king should govern the state on the foundation of ethical and moral principles (Dharma) leading to realization of the goal of security and progress of the subjects in all his territories. The Shantiparva chapter of Mahabharatha also speaks about the behavior and the rules to be followed to achieve Moksha (salvation / emancipation) and advices that even the king should have a high moral standard and conquer himself first before going on to subdue his enemies. Mahabharatha discusses extensively about Dandaneethi (science of punishment) to uphold righteousness (Dharma) against Adharma. The administrative system should function in such a way that it promotes peace, security and prosperity in the state. The three major aspects of teachings of Rajadharma and Prajadharma are explained in Bhagavad-Gita, Shantiparva and Vishnu Sahasranama.

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 Keywords

Rajadharma, Good Governance, Dharmarajya, Bhagavadhgita, Shantiparva, Vishnu Sahasranama

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Electronic commerce is a powerful concept and process that has fundamentally changed the current of human life. Electronic commerce is one of the main criteria of revolution of Information Technology and communication in the field of economy. This style of trading due to the enormous benefits for human has spread rapidly. E-commerce initiated during the 1970's. It provides multiple benefits to the consumers in form of availability of goods at lower cost, wider choice and saves time. The general category of e-commerce can be broken down into two parts: E- merchandise: E-finance. It involves conducting business using modern communication instruments: telephone, fax, e-payment, money transfer systems, e-data interchange and the Internet. Online businesses like financial services, travel, entertainment, and groceries are all likely to grow. Forces influencing the distribution of global e-commerce and its forms include economic factors, political factors, cultural factors and supranational institutions. It raises key challenges that are being faced by consumers relating to e-commerce viz., Ethical issues, Perceptions of risk in e-service encounters, challenges for e-commerce education. Electronic commerce, or e-commerce, which exactly means business trading through the Internet, has been around the globe since mid-90s. However, until the recent few years, e-commerce is getting more and more attention from entrepreneur and consumers, both local and international. One of the main reasons is due to the highly successful operations of some well-known names on the Internet, such as eBay, Yahoo and Dell. The sales revenue these companies show in their annual reports are without doubt, one of the biggest factors why e-commerce is important in the commercial market nowadays E-commerce initiated during the 1970's. It provides multiple benefits to the consumers in form of availability of goods at lower cost, wider choice and saves time. The general category of e-commerce can be broken down into two parts: E- merchandise: E-finance. It involves conducting business using modern communication instruments: telephone, fax, e-payment, money transfer systems, e- data interchange and the Internet.

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 Keywords

e-commerce, legal issues, e-payment, e-finance, internet, e-business and e-technology

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The rapid advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0 technologies has transformed the manufacturing sector, allowing for the development of smart manufacturing solutions. Industry 4.0 is the integration of advanced technologies such as IoT, AI, and big data analytics to create a highly connected and autonomous manufacturing environment. This paper examines the current state of IoT-driven smart manufacturing, focusing on challenges, opportunities, and future directions. We look at the key enablers of Industry 4.0, such as IoT devices, cloud computing, big data analytics, and cybersecurity. The paper also looks at the advantages of Industry 4.0, such as increased efficiency, higher product quality, and lower costs. This paradigm shift has transformed traditional manufacturing practices by combining cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and cyber-physical systems to create a highly interconnected and automated manufacturing environment. This review paper examines the challenges, opportunities, and future directions of IoT-powered smart manufacturing. We discuss the advantages of Industry 4.0, such as increased efficiency, reduced waste, and higher product quality, as well as the challenges posed by the integration of disparate technologies, data security concerns, and workforce retraining requirements. We also highlight the opportunities for Industry 4.0 to enable real-time monitoring and predictions.

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 Keywords

IoT-Enabled Industry 4.0, Smart Manufacturing, Sensors, Cloud computing

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Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness, published in 1902 is widely regarded as a prominent European literary masterpiece from the late 19th Century. It is an intricate work that can be analysed through several literary perspectives. Postcolonial theory is one important theory that can be used to examine it. The paper focuses on the portrayal and criticism of European colonialism in Africa as depicted in Heart of Darkness, with particular emphasis on two characters; Marlowe and Kurtz. Marlow is the novel's narrator, while Kurtz is the main colonial agent in the novel. The novel portrays the stark truths of imperialism, observing the exploitation, cruelty, and dehumanization of indigenous African people by European colonizers. Conrad criticizes the inhumane treatment of the indigenous people of Africa and the practice of imperialism, mainly through the character of Kurtz in the novel. The novel effectively depicts the sombre and ruinous aspects of European colonialism in Africa.

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Post-colonialism, Imperialism, Civilisation, Civilised, Savage

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Empowerment index is an index which measures how much a person is empowered. In this paper an attempt has been made to form an empowerment index using different dimension of empowerment of women. After defining the empowerment index a comparison is done among the women who are actively participating Self Help Group (SHG Women) and the women who are not a member of SHG (Non-SHG Women). Primary data are collected by surveying different blocks of Paschim Bardhaman District of West Bengal. This study finds that not only SHG women are more empowered than Non-SHG women in each surveyed block but also the least empowered women (Non-SHG) Block becomes the highest empowered women Block when we consider only women who are member of any SHG.

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Measuring and Comparing Empowerment Index of SHG Women vis-à-vis Non-SHG Women

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Adhivasi kavitha: Samvedana aur Pratirodh ka Nayapan

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Adhivasi kavitha: Samvedana aur Pratirodh ka Nayapan

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: The world of affiliate marketing has evolved significantly over the years, marked by key milestones and technological advancements. Various affiliate marketing models, such as pay-per-sale, pay-per-lead, and pay-per-click, with their distinctive commission structures, will be examined, providing insights into how advertisers and affiliates collaborate. Affiliate marketing offers advantages to both parties involved, including cost-effectiveness, expanded reach, and targeted marketing. This research will delve into these problems and offer potential solutions. Successful strategies for advertisers and affiliates, such as the importance of content quality, personalization, and cross-device tracking, will be explored, showcasing the best practices in this field. This research also delves into the legal and ethical aspects of affiliate marketing, highlighting disclosure requirements and data protection issues to ensure compliance and transparency. Real-world case studies from various industries will be reviewed, providing tangible examples of successful affiliate marketing campaigns that have achieved remarkable results. Finally, we will consider the future of affiliate marketing, encompassing the role of AI, video content, sustainability, and adaptability to evolving trends and regulations. As the marketing landscape continues to evolve, this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the past, present, and future of affiliate marketing.

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Affiliate marketing, Affiliates, Tracking tools, Commission structures, Strategies, Content quality, Tracking software, Analytics tools, Case studies, Successful campaigns, Regulations.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Cryptocoryne spiralis var.cognatoides is a vulnerable species of Cryptocoryne of Araceae. Rhizome and leaves of C.spiralis var. cognatoides have been selected for phytochemical screening to identify different classes of metabolite and quantitative estimation of phenolics, flavonoids and starch. HPLTC fingerprint of leaves and rhizome extract has been done for fingerprint profile of plant extracts. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, alkaloids, fixed oils and fats. Quantitative phytochemical screening in terms of total phenolics, flavonoids and starch were found to be HPTLC finger print of rhizome showed seven peaks in methanol extract and eleven peaks in hexane extract and twelve peaks in methanol extract and eleven peaks in rhizome extracts of leaves with different chemical constituents.

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 Keywords

Cryptocoryne spiralis var.cognatoides, phytochemical screening, quantitative estimation, HPTLC

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition