Volume 8 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

This study compared administrators� fund management strategies in public and private secondary schools in Anambra State. Four research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population for the study constituted a total of 775 administrators which consisted of 258 state public secondary school administrators and 517 administrators for the private secondary schools in the six education zones in Anambra State. Sample for this study constituted 181 public secondary school principals and 362 private secondary school principals determined through the proportionate stratified sampling technique. A questionnaire titled �School Administrators� Fund Management Strategies Questionnaire (SAFMSQ)� were used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts and reliability of the questionnaire determined through Cronbach Alpha method. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. The hypotheses were tested at an alpha (?) level of 0.05 significance using t-test statistics. Findings of the study indicated among others; that administrators of the private secondary schools employed more fund management strategies in the areas of their financial budgeting strategies, fund allocation strategies and auditing strategies than administrators of the public secondary schools. However, there were significant differences in the aspect of administrators� fund management strategies between the public and private secondary schools in Anambra State in the aforementioned strategies. Based on the findings, recommendations were proffered, among them include that: the administrators of public and private secondary schools should expand their financial budgeting strategies through effective planning for appropriate fund management.

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Administrators, Fund, Management, Strategies, Public, Private, Secondary schools

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When competition is getting more and more global every day, the question of what now/new? Is getting crucial for any company and economy in the whole world. The purpose of writing this paper is to establish the importance of changing Paradigm from traditional to innovative management. In the present / future era. The rise of Artificial Intelligence and technologies will fundamentally reform the work tasks and DNA of many organizations. In this new era the success is more and more dependent on People and their inspiration and creativity. Companies need to start reinventing their management model and organizational paradigm very fast for enabling People to live up to their capacity and thereby being relevant as a company. The paper has suggested a fine innovative theory which explains how important now transformation of manager into a leader is. Characteristics which are very important to change a manger to leader are perfect vision towards organization, able to deliver his statement to his subordinates, tactical thinking, etc The classical way of leadership has been rejected in today�s era organization as they are very comfortable with innovative, techniques of leadership because of the lot of flexibility and enthusiasm in their work environment. Mostly the innovative and creative organizations have changed their management paradigm to leadership at all levels. Which are the three most important levels of organization firstly policy making level i.e. the higher level of the organization, secondly the middle level management and lastly but not least execution level management.

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Keywords: Paradigm change, innovation, manager to leader, characteristics, shared leadership.

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There has been an emerging trend of an enormous number of chat applications which are present within the recent years to help people to connect across different mediums, like Hike, Whats App, Telegram, etc. The proposed network-based android chat application used for chatting purposes with remote clients or users connected to the online , and it will not let the user send inappropriate messages. This paper proposes the mechanism of creating knowledgeable chat application which can not permit the user to send inappropriate or improper messages to the participants by incorporating the bottom level implementation of natural language processing (NLP). Before sending the messages to the user, the typed message evaluated to hunt out any inappropriate terms within the message which may include vulgar words, etc., using natural language processing. The user can build their own dictionary which contains vulgar or irrelevant terms. After pre-processing steps of removal of punctuations, numbers, conversion of text to lower case and NLP concepts of removing stop words, stemming, tokenization, named entity recognition and parts of speech tagging, it gives keywords from the user typed message. These derived keywords compared with the terms within the dictionary and database and therefore the respective response are replied.

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Android Application, Chatting, Dictionary, Named Entity Recognition, Natural Language Processing, Networking, Parts of Speech tagging, Sentimental Analysis, Stemming and Tokenization.

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Phase Change Material (PCM) plays an crucial position as a thermal strength garage tool by way of using its excessive storage density and latent warmness property. The thermo- physical guidelines of Maltitol, (a sugar alcohol), became investigated as a potential fabric for developing increasingly meaty solar thermal power storage structures than those presently available. This latent warmth storage medium could be applied for business and industrial applications using solar thermal electricity garage inside the temperature variety of 100�145�C. The goal of this investigation was to decide through experimentation, if Al2O3 sparse in pure Maltitol for combos of 1, and 3% (by weight) progressed the thermal overall performance of Maltitol for sun thermal strength structures. Nanoparticles best bodily interacted with Maltitol and not chemically, plane without 25 thermal cycles. Without cycling, Nano-Maltitol studied right here suffered a decrease subtract in warmth of fusion than pure Maltitol, which makes Nano-Maltitol increasingly appropriate for solar thermal garage packages at 100�145�C.

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Maltitol(PCM), Al2O3 Nano particle, Thermal Cycling, Ball Milling, DSC, FTIR, SEM.

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This paper understands the concepts of derivatives, hedging and analyzes the Indian Aviation Sector in India. This paper reviews thirty published articles by renowned authors to further understand this field of research. This paper collects the data of Crude Oil prices, Aviation Turbine Fuel prices, Brent prices among others. This paper analyzes the data using models such as Descriptive Statistics, Correlation, Regression, GARCH Model, One-Way ANOVA Test, Unit Root Test, Co-integration and the Granger�s Causality test. The analysis provides desirable results and helps further interpretation and analysis. The results of the analysis also help develop good strategies for airline companies. This paper finds that Crude Oil Prices and Aviation Turbine Fuel prices are highly positively related whose correlation is almost perfect positive (0.98 correlation). The Crude Oil daily future prices do not show any effect of GARCH which shows that its volatility is not significant. The GARCH of Aviation Turbine Fuel prices is significant which helps the authors develop a strategy. Finally, the authors recommend that airline companies use Crude Oil as a proxy hedge for Aviation Turbine Fuel. Hedging using this proxy will help airlines reduce uncertainties and aid better financial planning and provide higher shareholder�s wealth.

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Hedging, Derivatives, Crude Oil, Aviation Turbine Fuel, Proxy-hedge, Correlation, Regression.

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Living beings are the part of environment. A good environment helps all round development of one�s personality and bad environment inhibits it. Both human beings and animals are effected by environmental pollution directly and indirectly. Environmental conservation is important because when we protect the environment, we are not protecting some distinct, distant entity but ourselves. Degradation of the is going on unabated. It is our duty to protect and preserve the environment and the ecological balance. This menace can be prevented only be creating awareness among the people. Rapid deforestation has been the main cause of environmental degradation. Many forests belts has been cleared away to set up industrial units. Rapid urbanisation swallowed the remaining green belts. Deforestation has led to disastrious results. Floods, soil erosion and landslides have destroyed the ecological balance. It is the call of time to plant more and more trees as it brings rain and keep the upper soil intact. Our rivers and lakes have become dumping grounds for industrial wastes, garbage and dirt. Those water has not remained fit for human consumption. Our cities are dirtier every day. The emission of some smoke from factories have converted our cities into big gas chambers. Educational institutions plays a major role to learn and bring awareness about the environmental pollution and protection among young stars which will be discussed in the paper. Only a concerted effort by all can help in maintaining the ecological balance for proper environment. So it is important that we spread the message through other social institutions to make greater change in the society. Different sources through which young stars will learn about the environmental pollution, specially air, water and soil pollution and about the environmental protection will also be discussed in the paper.

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Environment, Deforestation, Pollution, Protection, Education

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Physiological lower leg oedema is one of the cutaneous manifestations of pregnancy.Foot massage has been found to decrease the level of physiological lower leg oedema. Foot massaging stimulates lymphatic circulation and decreases swelling. Massaging the feet from toes to calf and exercising gentle pressure with the fingertips may helps to shift water out of the tissue. This study aims to find out the effectiveness of foot massage on reduction of physiological lower leg oedema among primigravida mothers. Research design adopted for this study was pre experimental with one group pre and post test design.Erin oedema scale was used to assess the level of physiological lower leg oedema. the mean value of post test level of physiological lower leg oedema after receiving foot massage was 2.38 and it was lower than the pretest mean value 0.58. The calculated�t�test value was 7.51 showed that there was a significant difference in the effectiveness of foot massage at p < 0.05 level.On the basis of this study the investigator were concluded that foot massage reduces the level of physiological lower leg oedema and the reflexology technique is the best method to reduce the level of physiological lower leg oedema.

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Foot Massage,

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Liberalization of the economy of India in 1991 has paved the way for various foreign country products to enter in the country. Chinese products in the Indian markets are not a rare sight. They have taken up shelf spaces in many of the retail stores in India giving quite a threat and competition to the Indian products. Also the consumers of India face quite a dilemma in choosing their preferred product between Indian and Chinese. The present research investigation makes a genuine attempt to understand the attitude of the consumers towards the various Chinese products and to study the impact of some predetermined factors on the attitude of the consumers in Guwahati city. The research investigation further tries to find out the level of competition between the Indian and Chinese products in Guwahati city. For serving the purpose of the study both primary data and secondary data has been used. Primary data have been collected with the help of a structured questionnaire. Secondary sources of data include journals and internet. The sample size for the study consists of 96 respondents and the collected data has been analyzed with the help of the statistical tool; SPSS software.

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Indian products, Chinese products, Consumers attitude, Competition.

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The Article is in regards to the relation between children literature and the foundational development of a child. The childhood is the tenderest and crucial stage of a human development and children literature can play a very intrinsic role in this stage. The article basically focuses on the importance and role played by child literature in the cognitive and analytical development of a child psychology. Also it discusses about the various aspects in which children literature can play a proficient role in the development of child psychology.

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Children Literature, Psychology

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