Volume 11 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

Education is the back bone of a nation. No nation can prosper without education. It is teachers who have the most impact on a nation's future. Children are mainly influenced by their teachers. However the present study was conducted to assess the teacher's effectiveness and teaching practice and to review related to teacher's effectiveness and teaching practice. The study was documentary analysis type. Information and data were collected from secondary sources such as books, research reports, journals, different annual reports, different government and non government websites and different websites. A literature review was conducted by using the internet search, Google databases on teacher's effectiveness and teaching practice. A hand search was also undertaken to relevant journals identified by the electronic search and additional articles identified from the reference list of the key articles. A number of articles have been found on teacher's effectiveness and teaching practice. From the study it was found that teachers' effectiveness and effective teaching practices are very much important to develop and sustain throughout a student's education career. Highly effective teachers structure the classroom environment so that it decreases the likelihood of inappropriate student behavior, increases desirable student interactions, and sets up students for success. Teachers are critical to the success of an educational system. An individual's imaginations, wisdom, love for humanity, and enlightenment can be developed through the guidance of a good teacher. So, relevant authorities and government of the people republic of Bangladesh should arrange contemporary training programs for the teachers. If it is doing so the teachers of the country will be effective, efficient, skilled and the students of Bangladesh will learn more.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Teacher's effectiveness, Teaching Practice, Training, Students' achievement, Evaluation, Learning, Assessment

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Climate changes are increasing vulnerability of natural resource dependent livelihood practices of large population in Bangladesh. Extreme events such as cyclones, tidal surges, flood, river erosion and salinity stress have been severely affecting agriculture, fishing or fish cultivation and livestock rearing. Communities remain extremely vulnerable to disasters that impeded the key livelihoods in the coastal areas than any other place. The traditional agriculture cropping is decreasing in coastal areas due to variation of fresh water and salinity level and increasing abrupt weather events, tidal inundation and water logging. Large coastal population lacks of climatic information, improved crop varieties and diversified livelihoods to continue adaptation practices. In particular the marginalized and landless coastal people who have limited access to natural, social and institutional services of local govt. institutions are losing adaptive capacity in the long-run. The paper presents livelihood adaptation practices of coastal communities in Bangladesh. Particular emphasis is given on an innovative livelihood model-Forest, Fish and Fruit (Triple F) which shows integrated community based livelihood practices for short-, mid- and long-term adaptation. Drawing the discussion the paper highlights for improving the livelihood practices in a way that incorporates climatic risks in collective resource management and income generation enhance adaptive capacity of coastal community.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Climate Change, Integrated Community, Adaptation, Coastal, Livelihoods, Bangladesh

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The epidemiology of cancer is the study of the factors affecting cancer, as a way to infer possible trends and causes. The study of cancer epidemiology uses epidemiological methods to find the cause of cancer and to identify and develop improved treatments. This area of study must contend with problems of lead time bias and length time bias. Lead time bias is the concept that early diagnosis may artificially inflate the survival statistics of a cancer, without really improving the natural history of the disease. Length bias is the concept that slower growing, more indolent tumors are more likely to be diagnosed by screening tests, but improvements in diagnosing more cases of indolent cancer may not translate into better patient outcomes after the implementation of screening programs. A related concern is over diagnosis, the tendency of screening tests to diagnose diseases that may not actually impact the patient's longevity. This problem especially applies to prostate cancer and PSA screening. Some cancer researchers have argued that negative cancer clinical trials lack sufficient statistical power to discover a benefit to treatment. This may be due to fewer patients enrolled in the study than originally planned.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cancer epidemiology, cancer prevention, Control, Bangladesh

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Anaemia in pregnancy is one of the most concerning public health issues in the world and also in Bangladesh. It is one of the most common and most ignored threats that a mother can face during her gestational period. However, the present study has conducted to assess the demographic characteristics of pregnant mothers and to assess the knowledge of pregnant mothers about anaemia. Descriptive research design was used in this study. The settings for the study were Gynecology and Obstetrics wards of Khulna Medical College Hospital and Private Clinics at Khulna district in Bangladesh. Purposive sampling method was used for the study. Total 400 pregnant mothers were selected for the study. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary Data were collected from the respondents of the study area by using questionnaire. Secondary Data were collected reviewing secondary data sources. Collected data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). From the result it was found that very few mothers in rural areas had knowledge about anaemia during pregnancy but in urban area the level of knowledge about anaemia during pregnancy is more than rural area. Most of the women didn't know the reasons of Anaemia during pregnancy. Very few women know consequences of anaemia during pregnancy. Regular antenatal check up during pregnancy is less among the rural women in Bangladesh. Few women had knowledge of iron deficiency. Most of the women in rural area don't take special and extra diet during pregnancy. All women should be given dietary information to maximize iron intake and absorption specially during pregnancy period. Routine iron supplementation for all women in pregnancy should be recommended in Bangladesh. Anaemic women may require additional precautions for delivery, including delivery in a hospital setting, available intravenous access and blood group and save, active management of the third stage of labour, and plans for excess bleeding.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Anaemia, Pregnancy, Iron Deficiency, Knowledge, Folic Acid, Extra diet

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The coastal region of Bangladesh covers about approxmatly 20% of total land area and over 30% of the cultivable lands of the country. It includes highly diverse ecosystems e.g. the world's largest single tract of mangroves (the Sundarbans), beaches, coral reefs, dunes and wetlands. With its dynamic natural environments, provides a range of goods and services to the peoples of Bangladesh. It is agreed and documented that being a deltaic coastal country, Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change in the world. Climaterelated change in coastal zones embodies potential additional stress on systems that are already under intense and growing pressure. The country has already been facing several climate change effects such as increasing cyclones, flood frequency probabilities, erosion, inundation, rising water tables, salt water intrusion and biological effects. Coastal environments particularly at risk include mangroves, tidal deltas and low-lying coastal plains, sandy beaches, coastal wetlands, estuaries and coral reefs. These bio-geophysical possessions will have consequent effects on ecosystems and eventually affect socio-economic systems in the coastal zone. The Sundarbans, most important ecosystem of the country will be totally lost with one meter rise in sea level. There are two options to minimize the impacts named mitigation and adaptation. It is needed to be considered both mitigation and adaptation options for Bangladesh, even though the country has very limited scope for mitigation. This is why mitigation involves global efforts to execute and adaptation is more local. As a result, effective adaptation policies and mitigation measures ought to be developed and implemented to minimize climate related impacts on Bangladesh.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Climate Change, Management, Coastal Area, Bangladesh

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Objectives: To asses clinical features and metabolic disorders in PCOS; to find out relationship of PCOS with Infertility. Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterized by chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries. Worldwide prevalence of PCOS ranges from 4% to 21%. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of polycystic ovaries (PCO) and associated clinical and biochemical features among women with infertility attending gynaecological outpatient department (GOPD) at one government hospital and one private chamber in upazilla level, Bangladesh. Methods: Women with infertility attending from july 2021 to June 2022 were recruited to the study. Information on socio-demographic, obstetric, menstrual and other characteristics was collected. Clinical examination of acne, acanthosis nigricans and hirsutism, vaginal ultrasonography for PCO and biochemical analysis of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), AMH, serum prolactin and testosterone were performed. Metabolic disorders were identified by measuring blood pressure, cholesterol level and Body Mass Index (BMI). Results: In this study it was found that 59% patients were obese among PCOS patients 90% were in ovulatory dysfunction. 66% PCOS patitents had hirsutism, 59% patients had acne, and 46% had impaired glucose tolerance. This study revealed that 41% PCOS patients had high TG level, 63% had LH: FSH more than 2 that was significant.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Clinical and biochemical features, PCOS, women, Infertility

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Ever since the economic reforms and the open door policy of 1978, China has experienced a dramatic industrialization. The Chinese government, heavily influenced by Communist values, recognized the need to open up to international trade and become more of a capitalistic country. Hence, reduced trade barriers followed with the economic reform, which has made foreign direct investment increase rapidly. The country made a desired commitment by entering the World Trade Organization, WTO in 2001. The expected consequences were a more rapid development of industries and increasing competition, because of even fewer restrictions on foreign investment. There are a lot of reasons for writing this thesis about China. The country is today an economic giant with a growth in real GDP of on average nine percent per year since 1981 and exceeding 10 percent in recent years. If this growth rate persists, the World Bank is expecting China to become the largest economy in the world in the near future. China has developed clear policies to enhance an export processing type of FDI and has therefore set up several economic zones for foreign investors. For China, this becomes a clear advantage when it comes to attracting FDI, and according to the UN Conference on Trade and Development, China surpassed the United States as the world's largest recipient of FDI for the first time in 2002. Foreign direct investment (FDI) policies play a major role in the economic growth of developing countries around the world. Attracting FDI inflows with conductive policies has therefore become a key battleground in the emerging markets. The prospect of new growth opportunities and outsized profits encourages large capital inflows across a range of industry and opportunity types. And this has led to competition among the states in formulating flexible policies and providing incentives to woo private investors to invest more and more.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Economic, Growth, Development, FDI, States

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Literally translated infrastructure means something that lies below or comes before (infra) the structure. Thus, it is the foundation on which the structure of the economy that will lead to growth and development is built upon. This is mainly because, access to basic, adequate facilities is viewed as strongly related to the wellbeing of general population in any country. Present study is to study the Review of Rural Infrastructure development under Bharat Nirman Yojna.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Infrastructure, Development and Bharat Nirman Yojna

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Precision agriculture represents the new age of conventional agriculture. This is made possible by the advancement of various modern technologies such as the internet of things. The unparalleled potential for data collection and analytics has resulted in an increase in multi-disciplinary research within machine learning and agriculture. However, the application of machine learning techniques to agriculture seems to be out of step with core machine learning research. This gap is further exacerbated by the inherent challenges associated with agricultural data. In this work, we conduct a systematic review of a large body of academic literature published between 2016 and 2022, on the application of machine learning techniques to agriculture and identify and discuss some of the key data issues such as class imbalance, data sparsity and high dimensionality. Further, study the impact of these data issues on various machine learning approaches within the context of agriculture. Finally, identify some of the common pitfalls in the machine learning and agriculture research including the misapplication of machine learning evaluation techniques. To this end, this survey presents a holistic view on the state of affairs in the cross-domain of machine learning and agriculture and proposes some suitable mitigation strategies to address these challenges.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Machine Learning in Precision Agriculture: A Survey on Trends, Applications and Evaluations Over Two Decades

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The aim of my research article is to analyze the relationship between parent and their children in Anita Desai's novel Fasting, Feasting. This research article delves into the intricacies of parent-child relationships in Anita Desai's novel, "Fasting, Feasting," employing Diana Baumrind's, parenting style as a lens for analysis. Diana Baumrind is a renowned developmental psychologist at the University of California at Berkeley in 1960s. Based on two dimensions viz. Demandingness and Responsiveness these four styles are authoritarian, authoritative, permissive and uninvolved. Through the lens of Baumrind's parenting styles - authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive - this study illuminates how the characters in the novel navigate the challenges of familial bonds and the consequences of different parenting approaches.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Indian Literature, Anita Desai, childhood experience, Attachment theory, parenting styles, Indian family, gender bias

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition