Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Inclusive education has become an important concern in Indian higher education, particularly after the National Education Policy 2020 and the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016. The present paper examines the relevance of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) as a practical framework for making higher education more accessible, flexible, and learner-centred. The study is descriptive and analytical in nature and is based on secondary sources such as policy documents, books, reports, and scholarly literature. The paper argues that inclusion cannot be achieved only through admission or reservation; it also requires changes in curriculum, classroom practices, assessment, infrastructure, and teacher preparedness. UDL offers a useful approach because it encourages multiple ways of presenting content, engaging learners, and assessing learning. The paper concludes that UDL can strengthen inclusive education in Indian higher education if it is supported by teacher training, accessible infrastructure, institutional policy, and a positive attitude towards learner diversity.

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 Keywords

- Universal Design for Learning, Inclusive Education, Higher Education, NEP 2020, Disability, Accessibility, Teacher Education.

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Teacher involvement in discipline management is a critical determinant of student discipline and the attainment of positive educational outcomes. Existing literature identifies teacher engagement as a central input in effective school management. In Kisumu West Sub-County, student indiscipline has remained a concern, with an average of 85 students suspended annually between 2020 and 2022, compared to the Kisumu County average of 75. Against this backdrop, the study sought to establish the relationship between teacher involvement in discipline management and the achievement of student discipline in public secondary schools in Kisumu West Sub-County, Kenya. Specifically, the study examined the relationship between teacher preventive, interventive, and restorative involvement in discipline management and student discipline outcomes. The study adopted a correlational research design and was grounded in the learners' discipline management model, which emphasizes strong teacher-student relationships, anticipatory classroom management, addressing root causes of indiscipline, regenerative approaches, and learner responsibility for behavior. The target population comprised 39 principals, 39 deputy principals in charge of administration, 542 teachers, 1,980 student council members, and one Sub-County Quality Assurance and Standards Officer (SCQASO). Using Krejcie and Morgan's sampling table, a sample of 225 teachers, 322 student council members, 35 principals, and 35 deputy principals was selected. Stratified random sampling was used for teachers and student councils, census sampling for principals and deputy principals, and purposive sampling for the SCQASO. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews, with validity ensured by experts from Maseno University and reliability established through pilot testing and Cronbach's alpha. Findings revealed that preventive teacher involvement was highly practiced, with teachers reporting strong engagement in motivating learners, team building, and social skills development. Students also affirmed practices such as arriving in school on time and attending all lessons. Preventive involvement showed a strong positive relationship with student discipline (r = 0.879, p < 0.01). Interventive involvement, including parental engagement and consistent punishment, also demonstrated a significant positive relationship with discipline (r = 0.654, p < 0.01). Similarly, restorative involvement such as counseling and learner reintegration was positively associated with student discipline (r = 0.551, p < 0.01). Similarly, school principals, deputy principals and SCQASO observed that teacher preventive, interventive, and restorative involvement in discipline management had a huge impact in shaping the student discipline outcomes. The study concludes that while all three approaches are important, preventive strategies exert the strongest influence on discipline outcomes, followed by interventive and restorative practices. It recommends strengthening motivational and preventive programs, ensuring consistency and parental collaboration in interventions, and mainstreaming restorative practices such as counseling and reintegration, while further research should examine contextual differences across schools and the long-term academic and social effects of restorative discipline approaches

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 Keywords

Teacher Involvement, Discipline Management, Student Discipline, Preventive, Restorative, Interventive, Involvement

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This paper examines the emergence of Nepal-China cultural connections and their implications for India-Nepal relations. It addresses the central question: How does the deepening cultural diplomacy between Nepal and China affect India's traditional influence and strategic interests in Nepal? The study synthesizes historical and contemporary evidence to show that Chinese cultural diplomacy - encompassing Confucius Institutes, language programs, scholarships, media presence, tourism promotion, and Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) symbolism - has intensified in Nepal since the 2000s. These efforts form part of China's broader soft power strategy in South Asia (Kumar, 2025) (Jiadong & Thapa, 2026). While China's cultural outreach has increased its visibility and influence, India's deep-rooted religious, linguistic, and people-to-people ties still underpin strong Nepali affinity toward India (Singh, 2022) (The GreatNepalTreks blog, 2024). The analysis finds that China's cultural connect is reshaping the regional power balance: Nepali public surveys and experts suggest India's primacy is subtly challenged but not yet displaced (Singh, 2022) (Republica, 2019). By examining case studies (e.g. Kathmandu's Confucius Institute, Sino-Nepal cultural events, high-level visits), and by comparing Chinese and Indian cultural instruments, the paper critically assesses constraints on China's influence and Nepal's own agency. Nepal has adopted a "multi-alignment" approach: it leverages both neighbors to advance its development and sovereignty. Finally, the paper also forwards some policy recommendations for all the players. These findings integrate realism, soft power, and constructivist perspectives. The study uses qualitative analysis of treaties, official documents, media reports, and scholarly sources.

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Nepal-China relations, cultural diplomacy, soft power, India-Nepal ties, Belt and Road Initiative, Confucius Institute.

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Hangwoman : Everyone Loves a Good Hanging is a Malayalam novel written by K R Meera. The novel was published as a book by DC Books in 2012.It was translated by J Devika into English. In Malayalam title the novel was named as ' Aarachar'. The novel was originally serialized in Madhyamam Weekly in continuous 53 volumes. The English publisher of the novel was Hamish Hamilton. The novel brought Kerala Sahithya Acadami Award (2013) , Odakkuzhal Award (2013), Vayalar Award(2014), Kendra Sahithya Acadami Award(2015), Muttathu varky Award in 2018.It was short listed for the 2016 DSC Prize for South Asian Literature.

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Feminism, Patriarchy, Stereotypes, Hangwomen

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"Health Care Card - Swasthya Protection Prevention Mission (SPPM)" is a technological solution created with the purpose of enhancing the process of managing patient medical records while increasing their protection from any possible data loss, duplication, and late availability of necessary medical information especially in cases of emergency situations. The suggested system is based on the use of smart technology involving a health care card, a QR-code, and password protection. The QR-code contains a unique number which identifies patients and ensures quick and safe access to medical records. This technology allows for achieving better quality of healthcare services by making the process efficient, error-proof and safe as well as faster and easier to operate. SPPM card will provide a secure and convenient way of managing medical information in a healthcare environment.

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Health Care Card - Swasthya Protection Prevention Mission

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of moderate intensity neuromuscular training on speed and agility among university soccer players. Thirty subjects aged 18-25 years were randomly assigned into two groups: Moderate Intensity Training Group (MITG), and Control Group (CG). The experimental groups underwent neuromuscular training for 8 weeks, while the control group maintained their routine. Variables such as speed and agility, were measured pre- and post-intervention. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) revealed significant improvements in speed and agility among experimental groups, with the moderate intensity group showing greater improvements. The study concludes that moderate intensity neuromuscular training is effective in enhancing physical performance and body composition.

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Neuromuscular Training, Motor Fitness, Body Composition, Training Intensity, Physical Performance

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The rapid integration of artificial intelligence into enterprise technology ecosystems is fundamentally transforming the roles, responsibilities, and required competencies of IT professionals across industries. This research investigates the multifaceted evolution of IT professional roles driven by AI adoption, examining how traditional technical functions are being augmented, redefined, or in some cases displaced by intelligent automation. Through systematic analysis of industry reports, workforce surveys, and case studies across diverse sectors, this study identifies five critical dimensions of role transformation: task automation and augmentation where AI assumes routine technical tasks enabling professionals to focus on strategic activities, skill set evolution requiring proficiency in machine learning operations and AI governance, organizational repositioning as IT professionals transition from technology implementers to strategic business enablers, ethical and governance responsibilities surrounding algorithmic accountability and bias mitigation, and continuous learning imperatives necessitating perpetual skills updating amid rapid technological change. The research introduces a comprehensive framework mapping traditional IT roles including software developers, systems administrators, data analysts, cybersecurity professionals, and IT support specialists to their AI-enhanced counterparts, documenting displaced tasks, augmented capabilities, and emergent responsibilities. Empirical analysis of workforce data from 500 organizations across technology, finance, healthcare, and manufacturing sectors reveals that 68% of IT tasks considered routine in 2015 have been partially or fully automated by 2025, while demand for AI-adjacent skills including machine learning engineering, data pipeline development, and algorithmic auditing has increased 340%. The paper concludes with strategic recommendations for IT professionals navigating this transition, organizational policies supporting workforce adaptation, and educational reforms aligning computer science curricula with AI-augmented professional requirements.

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IT Professionals, AI Adoption, Workforce Transformation, Automation, Skills Evolution, MLOps, AI Governance, Career Development, Technology Employment, Human-AI Collaboration, Reskilling, IT Roles.

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Abstract The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed information management and knowledge services across various sectors, including academic libraries. Academic libraries, traditionally responsible for organizing, preserving, and disseminating knowledge, are increasingly adopting AI-driven technologies to enhance service delivery, improve user experience, and streamline internal operations. This article examines the applications of artificial intelligence in academic libraries, focusing on areas such as information retrieval, automated cataloguing, user assistance, collection development, and digital resource management. The study integrates theoretical insights with empirical analysis using quantitative techniques. Data were analyzed using statistical tools including Cronbach's Alpha, descriptive statistics, one-sample t-test, and correlation analysis. The results indicate that AI significantly improves library service efficiency, information retrieval, and personalized user services. The findings also highlight challenges such as technological infrastructure limitations, skill gaps among librarians, and ethical considerations in AI deployment. The study concludes that strategic adoption of artificial intelligence can significantly enhance the efficiency and service quality of academic libraries while supporting the evolving digital knowledge environment.

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Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Academic Libraries, Library Automation, Digital Libraries, Information Retrieval, Knowledge Management

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a significant innovation in the field of sports and physical education, rapidly transforming its overall landscape. It plays a vital role in areas such as performance tracking, injury prevention, tactical decision-making, and personalized training. AI provides real-time, data-driven insights that are reshaping the roles of athletes, coaches, and sports institutions. This paper examines the application of AI across various sports contexts, including school and college-level programs, professional training environments, and rural sports development. It also highlights how AI is redefining the way sports are experienced and consumed globally. However, these advancements are accompanied by notable challenges, such as high implementation costs and concerns regarding data privacy. The study emphasizes the need for a balanced approach, where innovation is aligned with inclusivity and integrity, ensuring that technology enhances rather than diminishes the essence of human performance in sports.

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Artificial Intelligence, Sports development, AI Opportunities, future improvement, Innovation, Trending etc.

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Abstract It is clear that AI has transformed the way we live in today's world. Artificial intelligence is transforming how legal system, professional roles and educational systems works. AI is making easy for lawyers to complete their work by making research faster and legal services more approachable . So that future lawyers can have both legal knowledge with strong technological and critical thinking skills. This research paper looks at joining of AI, society and legal education by focusing on opportunities, challenges and the need for favourable reforms. It agrues that adaptation of AI is necessary for legal education to shape lawyers who can confidently use technology with strong ethical values and be sensitive to their role in society.

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AI, Society and future of legal education

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