Volume 4 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of speed among university-level Football, Handball, and Volleyball players of Andhra Pradesh. A total of 300 male players, comprising 100 each from Football, Handball, and Volleyball who had participated in Inter-University tournaments during 2011-12, were selected as subjects. Speed was measured using standard tests, and the data were statistically analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe's Post Hoc Test. The results showed mean speed scores of Football (7.375 sec), Handball (7.130 sec), and Volleyball (7.202 sec) players, with standard deviations of 0.066, 0.040, and 0.063 respectively. The obtained F ratio (481.68) was significantly higher than the table value (3.03) at the 0.05 level of confidence, indicating significant differences in speed among the three groups. Post Hoc analysis revealed significant mean differences between Football & Handball (MD=0.245), Handball & Volleyball (MD=0.072), and Football & Volleyball (MD=0.173), establishing that Handball players demonstrated superior speed compared to Football and Volleyball players. These findings suggest that sport-specific demands and training requirements play a critical role in influencing the speed performance of athletes in different team games.

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 Keywords

Speed, Physical Fitness, Football, Handball, Volleyball and University Players,

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Panchayati Raj system of India was enacted in order to institutionalize the village level of democratic governance and also to provide a platform to enable the rural population to decide on the solutions to the local issues. The Panchayats became a Constitution entity after the 73rd Constitutional amendment in 1992, thus strengthening the participatory manner of governance in the rural regions. It was provided by the amendment that had increased the representation of women up to 33 percent giving them a chance in political leadership. Prior to the amendment, political and social status of women were not strong, but Panchayati Raj gave them the power of making decisions. Through Panchayati Raj women are supposed to be empowered so as to have the same legal status and rights with their fellow women in the society. The women were also free to participate in the rural development through the reform. By 2015, it had seen several women Sarpanches and Heads initiating changes in education, health and sanitation within Panchayats. However, there are barriers which they faced like family pressure, deep rooted societal beliefs and lack of resources. Panchayati Raj has really promoted the empowerment of the women but still improvements are needed. Increased legal safeguards, increased material resources and women education with wholesome implementation of Panchayats will enable more effective process and therefore further empowerment of the Panchayati Raj system to the women of India.

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 Keywords

Panchayati Raj, Women Empowerment, Constitutional Amendment, Reservation, Women Leadership, Social Reforms.

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The thermal conductivity of metals represents a fundamental property that governs heat transfer efficiency in numerous engineering applications. This research paper presents a comprehensive analysis of heat transfer rates in different metals, examining the underlying physical mechanisms, experimental methodologies, and practical implications of thermal conductivity variations. Through systematic comparison of common metals including copper, aluminum, steel, iron, silver, and their alloys, this study elucidates the factors influencing thermal transport properties and their applications in thermal management systems. The analysis incorporates both theoretical foundations and experimental data to provide insights into material selection criteria for various thermal applications. Results demonstrate significant variations in thermal conductivity among different metals, with copper and silver exhibiting the highest values, while stainless steel and other alloys showing considerably lower thermal transport capabilities. This comprehensive examination contributes to the understanding of metallic thermal properties and provides practical guidance for materials selection in thermal engineering applications.

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 Keywords

Thermal conductivity, heat transfer, metals, thermal properties, materials engineering, thermal management

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This research paper explores the risk management practices in Indian banks, examining the various challenges and strategies that banks adopt to mitigate risks in a dynamic and evolving financial environment. The paper covers key areas of risk management, including credit, operational, market, and liquidity risks, and analyses how regulatory frameworks, technological advancements, and organizational practices shape these strategies. By evaluating the performance of public and private sector banks, the study identifies the challenges banks face in managing non-performing assets (NPAs), adapting to global risk management standards like Basel III, and securing digital banking platforms. Furthermore, the research discusses the role of stress testing, capital adequacy, and cybersecurity in managing risks effectively. While the Indian banking sector has made significant strides in adopting advanced risk management tools and technologies, the paper also highlights the persistent issues that hinder effective risk management, such as high NPAs and cybersecurity threats. Finally, the paper provides recommendations for enhancing risk management strategies, including investments in AI and machine learning, improving loan monitoring systems, and strengthening regulatory compliance. By addressing these challenges, Indian banks can enhance their stability, reduce operational losses, and improve their resilience to financial shocks in an increasingly globalized economy.

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 Keywords

Risk management, Indian banks, Basel III, credit risk, operational risk, liquidity risk, cybersecurity, non-performing assets (NPAs), digital banking, regulatory compliance.

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 Abstract

Agneeshomeeya Purodasayaha Vivaranam

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Agneeshomeeya Purodasayaha Vivaranam

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 Abstract

Domination in graphs has applications to several fields. Domination arises in facility location problems, where the number of facilities (e.g., hospitals, fire stations) is fixed and one attempts to minimize the distance that a person needs to travel to get to the closest facility. A similar problem occurs when the maximum distance to a facility is fixed and one attempts to minimize the number of facilities necessary so that everyone is serviced. Concepts from domination also appear in problems involving finding sets of representatives, in monitoring communication or electrical networks, and in land surveying (e.g., minimizing the number of places a surveyor must stand in order to take height measurements for an entire region).

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 Keywords

Domination set, Networking, Biological networks, Minimal Dominating set.

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This research paper examines the critical role of entrepreneurial innovation in driving economic growth within India's start-up ecosystem. By analysing key trends from 2000 to 2015, the study explores how start-ups contribute to GDP growth, job creation, and technological advancement while fostering regional development and addressing socio-economic challenges. The paper discusses the evolution of the ecosystem, its structural dynamics, and the impact of governmental policies on nurturing innovation and entrepreneurship. It also identifies the challenges and barriers faced by start-ups, including regulatory complexities, limited funding access, inadequate infrastructure, and skills gaps, which hinder their potential to scale and sustain growth. Furthermore, the paper provides a quantitative analysis of the start-up landscape and offers policy recommendations to strengthen the ecosystem, such as simplifying regulations, improving access to funding, enhancing infrastructure, and promoting a culture of entrepreneurship. The findings underscore the necessity for continued support and strategic investments in the start-up sector to ensure sustainable economic development and global competitiveness. By addressing these areas, India can enhance its position as a leading hub for innovation and drive inclusive growth.

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 Keywords

Entrepreneurial innovation, Economic growth, Start-up ecosystem, India, Job creation, Policy recommendations, Regulatory challenges, Funding access, Infrastructure development, Technological advancement.

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Rainfall has direct impact on agricultural productivity. It controls the growth of crops in different seasons. south west and north east monsoon is the main natural determinant of Indian agriculture. In state of Assam, Paddy cultivation is the major agricultural activity which is controlled by the south west monsoon. Winter paddy cultivation is highly reliant upon the monsoon rainfall. It is therefore assumed that a good relationship exists between these two. Apart from this, value of paddy production depends on many factors, where monsoon rainfall is also one of them. In this paper, interdependency of monsoon rainfall and the value of winter paddy production are examined. A linear positive relation is found between the two. Data are collected from Statistical Handbook of Assam for the period of 2014. IBM-SPSS24 and MS-Excel are used to compile and analyze the data. Geo-spatial mapping is done to show the linear positive relations of the variables for the districts of Assam.

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Monsoon rainfall, Winter Paddy productivity, Geo-spatial mapping.

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This paper explores the idea of narrative disruption and the ways in which postmodernism radically changes how archive materials are interpreted and used. Archives have historically been thought of as immobile, impartial storehouse of historical facts, used to record significant people, events, and linear stories. Postmodernist approaches, on the other hand, subvert traditional norms by highlighting the diversity of viewpoints, the significance of context, and the dynamic character of historical understanding. Postmodernism opposes the idea of a single, authoritative story by encouraging the inclusion of underrepresented perspectives and acknowledging that every interpretation is subjective. This paradigm change has significant ramifications for historical research, compelling historians to critically analyze the power dynamics and biases present in archival documents, as well as for archive practices, driving archivists to embrace more inclusive and flexible techniques. Postmodernism expands the meaning of archives to encompass digital records, oral histories, and other types of collective memory, hence enhancing the range of historical material that is deemed valuable. This essay contends that by emphasizing a variety of experiences that were previously underappreciated, postmodernist disruption of conventional narratives democratizes the field while also enhancing our understanding of history.

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 Keywords

Archival Theory, Postmodernism, Paradigm Shift, Historical Records

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper explores the integration of machine learning (ML) techniques for enhancing financial forecasting within SAP ERP systems. It surveys regression models, time series forecasting models (ARIMA, SARIMA, Prophet), and ensemble methods tailored for ERP environments, emphasizing their applications in predicting future financial trends with accuracy. Novel contributions include strategies for data quality management, methodologies for seamless model deployment, and considerations for ethical and regulatory compliance in ML-driven forecasting. Future directions focus on advancing real-time capabilities and fostering interdisciplinary collaborations to innovate financial management practices in dynamic market environments, thereby empowering organizations with informed decision-making tools.

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 Keywords

Predictive Analytics, , Financial Forecasting, SAP ERP Syatem, machine learning algorithms

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition